^  ^ 

'-^^^-' 


> 


Wi-u^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


1.1 


1.25 


US 


|25 
■  22 

K 

11,8 


IS    I4£    12.0 

u 


6" 


Photographic 

Sdences 
Cdrporaaon 


s 


23  WeST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  M580 

(716)372-4503 


) 


^ 


i 

CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 

CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 

4 

• 

■   •■   . 

:  •  : 

6 

I 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductidns  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notas  tachniquaa  at  bibliographiquas 


Tha  Instituta  has  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  bast 
original  copy  availabia  for  filming.  Faaturas  of  this 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  uniqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagas  in  tha 
raproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 


D 


D 


□ 


D 
D 


D 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couvarture  de  coulaur 


I      I   Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagia 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restauria  at/ou  palliculAe 


I      I   Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartas  giographiquas  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avac  d'autras  documents 


Tight  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serr6e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  irttirieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certainas  pages  blanches  ajout6as 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissant  dans  la  texte. 
mais,  lorsqua  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  AtA  filmAas. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplimantairas: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  iti  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographiqua,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mithoda  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqute  ci-dessous. 


I     I   Coloured  pages/ 


D 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagtes 


□    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur6es  et/ou  pelliculies 

0    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  dicolories,  tachetdes  ou  piqu( 


piqudes 


□   Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tach6es 

0Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  inigala  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  matarit 
Comprand  du  material  supplimantaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Mition  disponible 


I      I   Quality  of  print  varies/ 

|~~|   Includes  supplementary  material/ 

|~~|   Only  edition  available/ 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totaiement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  pur  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure. 
etc.,  ont  it6  filmies  A  nouveau  de  fapon  & 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Tl 
to 


Tl 

P< 

o 

fi 


O 
bi 
th 
si 
ot 
fii 
si 
or 


T» 

sr 

Tl 
w 

M 
di 
er 
bfl 

rif 
rei 
mi 


This  item  is  filmed  at  tha  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  da  reduction  indiqui  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

s/ 

12X 


16X 


20X 


MX 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

National  Library  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  filmi  fut  reproduit  grflce  A  la 
gAnirositA  de: 

BibliothAque  nationale  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  origin  il  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  pagti  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  'lack  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

i\/laps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  tt6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  9oin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  netteti  He  l'exemplaire  filmd.  et  en 
conformity  avec  ies  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimAe  sont  filmte  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmte  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiire  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniire  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
derniire  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  —^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  carte?  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  i  JM  taux  de  reduction  diffirents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  A  partir 
de  I'angle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite. 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

fMassachmetts  Election ! 


FntST  MONDAY  IN  APBIL  NEXf . 


AMERICAN  NOMINATION. 


MAJOR-GENERAL 

HENRY  DEARBORN, 


FOR   GOrERJfOR. 


Hon.  WILLIAM  KING, 

FOR  LIEUT.  GOVERJS'OR. 


O^At  tfje  close  of  ourrevolotionarj  conflict,  the  enlightened  citizens  at  AmeHci|' 
took  ai  pride  in  exalting  to  offices  of  hopor  the  heroes  who  had  assisted  in  achievitag  that 
great  evenf>  Shall  it  be  said  th^t  we  are  less  grateful  at  the  close  of  our  second  strug* 
gle  than  we  were  at  that  of  tlieyir**  ?  We  presume  the  free  citizens  of  Maisachuaatti 
will  not  allow  this  imputation  to  rest  upon  them.  The  few  who  still  survive  are  justly 
the  objects  of  their  aflection  and  oo/nfidence.  In  the  memorable  war  of  the  revolution^ 
as  weU  as  in  the  glorious  contest  recently  terminated,  General  DsAABoiiir  has  acted  • 
part  so  honorable  to  himself,  and  so  useful  to  his  oountrv,  that  time  can  never  obliteratt 
or  envy  expunge  it  from  that  proud  poilion  of  the  annals  of  eur  rising  nation.  Thougll 
A  youth  at  its  commencement,  he  was  placed  at  the  htad  of  a  brave  company,  anA 
inarched  from  NewUampshire  to  the  environs  of  Boston,  where  he  shared  largely  in  th» 
glorious  deeds  of  Bunker  Hill.  With  his  company  he  traversed  the  wilds  of  K«nnebeo« 
and  by  the  side  of  the  great  MoirrooMBRT  scaled  the  walls  of  Quebec.  In  the  battki 
of  Saratoga^  his  corps,  with  thiat  of  the  brave  Morgak,  captured  the  erum,y'*$  artUlcrjf^ 
and  decided  the  fortune  of  the  day.  The  capture  of  linrgoync^s  whole  army  Was  th« 
consequence.  Id  the  battle  of  Jtfmtmmi/A,  his  bravery  and  resolution  attracted  the  eye 
of  the  great  Wasbincton,  who  gave  tiim  his  unqualified  apjHTobation,  and  continued 
Ms  esteem  and  confidence  throu^  all  the  subsequent  (lerila  of  the  contest  for  indepen- 
dence. 

0:;^ln  peace  it  v^f  tlie  glory  of  General  Dearborn  to  have  shared  the  friend* 
ship  and  the  councils  of  the  illuEtrious  J£ffjui3on,  during  whose  administratioii  he  ^ 
•d  the  War  Department. 

0:^W}ien  President  MAmaoir  appointed  him  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Amiy  ia 
eur  late  war,  the  nation  approved  tiie  choicu  of  the  Executive,  and  the  activity  wiUi 
which  an  army  of  new  recruits  was  assembled  and  concentrated  on  oiu*  frontier,  after 
the  shameful  surrender  of  the  first  divi*>ioH  by  General  Hull ;  the  promptitude  and  vigor 
with  which  the  enemy  were  attacked  and  expelled  from  their  strong-holds  of  Yotk  and 
Fori  George,  wore  highly  gratifj  ing  to  the  ualion,  find  revived  the  spirits  of  the  army.— • 
The  ci^ture  of  the  whole  British  »7my  mii^l  have  speedily  followed,  had  Gen.  Lewiai 
the  second  in  command,  fulfilled  the  orders  of  Major*General  Drarrorn.  The  envy 
ef  Washington  bad  nearly  sacrificed  our  UlHirUes  ;  the  envy  of  Dearborn  lost  to  our 
country  the  provinces  of  Canada.  Hut'at  length  the  eyes  of  the  Ubtion  are  opened,  aod 
jts  justice  and  gratitude  ore  rupidly  asi'igtting  lo  Itiiu  and  his  brave  associates  in  armi 
the  meed  of  valor,  and  tiie  iuipt  rishuble  tribute  of  renown.  In  the  foilowiag  biograph> 
ical  sketch  of  the  life  ofGeniral  DKARnonv,  in  which  is  included  the  JSarrativi!  of  the 
events  of  the  lust  war,  the  character  of  this  distinguished  citizen  is  placed  in  a  comet 
light.  After  becoauug  acquainted  with  the  fuets  contained  in  these  documents,  tli* 
free  citizeuft  of  Massachusetts  will  be  enabled  to  judge  of  the  merits  and  services  of 
iGen.  Dbarborn,  and  the  grounds  upon  which  the  Republicans  rest  their  pretensioM 
In  his  behalf,  as  the  most  suitoble  character  to  611  th«  tnt  official  station  in  tt>«  (rvat  VtA 
|«ifp«ciablft  StdltB'bf  JtlMiaelMMtlsi 


SKETCH  OF  THE  LIFE 


OF 


MAJOR  GEN.  HENRY  DEARBORN^ 


PROM  1775,  TO  1812. 


Major  general  henry  dearborn  is  a  deseendant  from  dn^ 
or  the  first  setllera  of  New  Hampshire,  who  emigrated  from  the  County  of 
Devonshire  hi  England. 

He  received  a  medical  education  ander  the  instruction  of  D<^tor  Hall 
Jackson,  of  Portsmouth,  who  was  a  distinguished  surgeon  in  the  revolutionary 
army,  and  justly  celebrated  as  one  of  the  most  able  physicians  which  New 
England  has  produced.  Dearborn  was  settled  in  the  practice  of  physic  at 
Notingbani-square  in  New  Hampshire,  three  years  previous  to  the  com- 
mencement of  the  mohiUmary  noTy  wher9«  with  several  gentlemen  of  the 
neighbourhood,  he  employed  his  leisure  hours  in  military  exercises ;  being 
eonvince<l  that  the  time  was  rapidly  approaching,  when  the  liberties  of  his 
country  must  either  be  shamefully  surrendereil,  or  boldly  defended  at  the 
point  tX  the  swor<1. 

This  band  of  associates  were  determined  to  be  prepared,  and  equipped 
themselves  for  the  last  resort  of  freemen. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2Qih  of  Aprils  1775,  notice  by  an  express  was 
received  of  the  affair  of  the  preceding  day  at  Lexington.  He  assembled 
with  about  sixty  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  town,  and  made  a  rapid  move- 
ment for  Cambridge,  where  they  arrived  the  next  morning  atsunrise — having 
marched  a  distance  cf  Jijlif-five  miles  in  less  than  twenty-four  hours.  After 
remaining  several  days,  and  tliere  being  no  immediate  occasion  for  their 
services,  they  returned.  It  being  determined  that  a  number  of  regiments 
should  be  immediately  raised  for  the  common  defence.  Dearborn  was  ap- 
pointed Captain,  in  the  first  New  Hampshire  regiment,  under  the  command 
of  Col.  John  Stark.  Such  was  his  popularity  and  the  confidence  of  the 
people  ill  his  bravery  and  conduct,  that  in  ten  days  from  the  time  he  re- 
ceived his  commission,  he  enlisted  a  full  comimny ,  and  joined  the  regiment 
at  Medford'On  the  15th  of  May.  Previous  to  the  battle  of  Bunke^Hill,  he 
was  engaged  in  a  skirmish  on  Hog-Island,  whither  he  had  been  sent  to  pre- 
vent the  cattle  and  other  stock  from  being  carried  off  by  the  British,  and 
soon  after  took  a  part  in  an  action  with  an  armed  vessel  near  Winnesimet 
ferry. 

JidUle  of  Biinker-HilL 

On  the  morning  of  the  glorious  teventceiUh  of  June^  information  was  re- 
ceived that  the  British  were  preparing  to  come  out  from  Boston,  and  storm 
the  works  which  had  been  thrown  up  on  Breed's  Hill  the  night  before  by 
the  Americans.  The  regiment  to  which  he  was  at'.arhed  was  immeiliately 
paraded,  and  marched  from  Mystic  to  Charlestown  Neck. 

Dearborn's  company  composed  the  flank  guanis  of  the  regiment.  They 
crossed  the  neck  under  a  galling  fire  from  the  British  men  of  war,  and  the 
floating  batteries,  and  having  sustained  some  loss,  arrived  at  Bunker's  heights. 
The  enemy  were  landing  on  the  shore  opposite  Copp's  Hill,  when  Stark 
advanced  and  formed  his  regiment  on  the  declivity  of  Breed^s  Hill,  in  rear 
of  a  rail  fence,  which  ran  from  the  redoubt,  commanded  by  the  gallant  Col. 
Prescott,  to  Mystic  river.  The  action  soon  commenced,  and  the  Ameri- 
cuHi  stood  their  ground  imtil  their  ammunition  was  entirely  expended.-~- 


fusee 

wardi 
tempi 
returl 
falsej 

in  tH 
from  I 
deadj 
troor 
Pea 


BOBN, 


(lent  rrom  me 
he  County  of 

r  Dtkstor  Hall 
revolutionary 
s  wliich  New 
!  of  physic  at 
'to  the  com- 
tlemen  of  the 
rclscs;  being 
iherlies  of  his 
fended  at  the 

and  equipped 

I  express  was 
le  assembled 
rapid  move- 
rise — having 
ours.    After 
lion  for  their 
>f  regimenis 
om  was  ap- 
lie  command 
ence  of  the 
time  he  re« 
he  regiment 
Le^Hitl,  he 
sent  to  pre- 
British,  and 
Vinneslmet 


ion  was  re- 
and  storm 
before  by 

nmediately 

nt.  They 
tr,  and  the 
r'fl  heights, 
hen  Stark 
n,  in  rear 
allant  Col. 
he  Ameri- 
pended.— 


. 


PeatbCMi^  wai  posted  on  the  right  of  tbe  regiowBti  aiMl  belag  Mwcd  with  t 
fusee,  6red  regularly  with  his  men. 

After  leaving  the  field,  be  was  ordered  to  move  with  hia  eompany  to* 
wards  Charlegtown  ferry,  where  ti^ere  was  an  ap|«araoce  of  the  British  atf> 
tempting  to  cross  over.  While  on  the  mareh,  lie  mw  Mi^  McClary 
returning,  who  directed  him  to  order  his  company  to  retire,  at  tbe  •larm  wa« 
false. 

Soon  after  the  retrograde  movement  of  the  company,  as  he  was  atanding 
in  the  road,  conversing  with  Major  McClary,  a  random  cannon  tmll,  fired 
from  Copp's  Hill,  passed  through  the  Major  *  body,  and  he  fell  instantly 
dead.  Late  in  the  afternoon,  the  New  IIam|ishire  regimenis,  with  the  other 
troops,  fell  bark  and  entrenched  themselves  on  Yl'inter  Hill.  Tbe  loss  ia 
Dearborn's  aompany  was  one  killed  and  five  wounded, 

Eccpedilion  to  ((uebec. 

In  September  he  volunteered  his  services  to  join  the  expedition  of  At* 
uoId  up  Kennebec  river,  and  through  the  witderueis  to  C^uebee.  He  was 
permitted  to  select  a  company  from  the  New  llam|*«lii]^c  regiment  for  this 
arduous  service.  Thirty-two  days  were  employed  in  tra versing  the  liideow 
wilderness,  .between  the  settlements  on  the  Kennebec  and  Cbaudiere  river, 
during  the  inclement  months  of  November  and  December,  In  which  eveiy 
hardship  and  fatigue  of  which  human  nature  is  capable,  was  endured  indis* 
criminately,  by  the  officers  and  troo[)s,  and  a  large  |H>rtion  of  them  starved 
to  death.  On  the  highlands  between  tbe  Kennebec  and  Bt.  Lawrence,  the 
remnant  of  provisions  was  divided  among  the  companies,  who  were  directed 
to  make  the  best  of  tbcir  way  in  separate  divisions  to  tbe  settlements  on  the 
Cbaudiere.  The  last  fragment  of  food  in  most  of  the  compauits  was  soon 
consumed,  and  Dearborn  was  reduced  to  the  extremity  of  dividing  hls^ror- 
ite  dog  among  his  suffering  men.  When  they  reached  tlie  Cbaudiere,  from 
colds,  extreme  hardsbips  and  want  of  sustenance,  his  strength  failed  him,  and 
he  was  unable  to  walk  but  a  short  diatance,  without  wading  intotlie  water  to 
invigorate  and  stimulate  his  limbs,  With  great  difficulty  he  reached  a  \tooe 
but  on  the  Cbaudiere,  when  he  told  his  men  he  could  accompany  them  no 
further,  and  animated  them  (brward  to  a  glorious  discbarge  of  their  duty. 
His  company  left  him  with  tears  in  their  eyes,  ex|>ccting  to  see  him  no  more. 
Dearborn  was  here  seized  with  a  violent  fever,  during  which  his  life  was 
despaired  of  for  ten  days ;  without  medicine,  and  with  scarcely  tbe  necessa- 
ries of  common  life.  His  fine  constitution  at  last  surmounted  the  ducasc, 
and  as  soon  as  be  was  abi«  to  travel  b«  proceeded  to  Point  Levi  in  a  sleigh, 
crossed  over  to  Wolfs  Cove,  and  made  his  unexpected  appearance  at  the 
head  of  hb  company,  a  few  days  before  the  assault  on  Quebec.  At  4  o'clock 
in  tbe  morning,  on  the  thirty-first  day  of  December,  1775,  in  a  severe  snow 
storm,  and  ia  a  climate  that  vies  with  Norway  ia  tempests  and  intense 
cold,  the  attack  was  commenced.  Dearborn  was  attached  to  the  corps  under 
Gen.  Arnold,  who  was  wounded  early  in  the  action  and  carried  from  the 
field.  Lt.  Col.  Green  succeeded  in  the  command.  They  stormed  tbe  first 
barrier  and  e:.  red  the  lower  town.  Montgomery  had  already  bled  on  Im- 
mortal ground,  and  bis  division  having  made  a  precipitate  and  most  shame- 
ful retreat,  as  soon  as  their  General  fell,  tbe  corps  under  Green  was  exposed 
to  a  sanguinary  but  unavailing  contest. 

From  tbe  windows  of  tbe  bouses,  which  being  constructed  of  stone,  each 
was  a  castle,  and  from  tbe  tops  of  tbe  para|iets,  a  dt-structlve  fire  was  poured 
upon  the  assailants,  which  threatened  inevitable  destruction  to  every  one 
who  should  appear  in  the  streets.  The  American  troo))S  maintained  this 
desperate  warfare  until  at  last  they  were  reduced  to  the  ueeensity  of  surMit^ 
dering  in  small  parties.  ; 


-.r- 


^  '■  The  whol«-  cbrpa  led  on  by  Oen.  Arnold,  were  killed  or  made  prlsoii- 
•riofwar.  The  officer*  were  put  into  rigid  conriuement,  and  6very  day 
were  tauntingly  told,  that  in  the  spring  they  mould  be  sent  to  England  and 
hanged  eut  rebels. 

In  May,  1770,  Majors  Meigs  and  Dearborn  were  permitted  to  return  on 
their  parole.  Tbey  ^ere  sent  round  to  Ilalirax  in  the  frigate  Niger,  and 
treatHl  y  ith  the  uBual  contumely  and  hauteur  or  English  officers.  On  their 
arrival  at  Halifu^c  they  were  put  on  board  another  ship  of  war,  and  the  com* 
mander  instructed,  by  Gen.  Howe,  to  land  them  in  some  port  in  New  Eng- 
land. After  the  ship  had  cruised  with  them  on  board  for  upwards  of  thirty 
days,  during  which  period  they  met  with  the  grossest  insults,  they  were  put 
«n  shore  in  Penobscot  bay,  from  whence  they  [troceeded  to  Portland  by 
land. 

In  the  fore  part  of  the  following  March,  Dearborn  was  exchanged,  and 
appointed  a  Major  to  the  tiiird  New  Hampshire  regiment,  commanded  by 
Colonel  Alexander  Scammel,  and  early  in  May  arrived  with  the  regiment 
at  Ticonderoga. 

On  the  6th  of  Jnly  the  post  at  Ticonderoga  was  abai\done<l  on  the  ap- 
proach of  Gen.  Burgoyne's  army.  General  St.  Cluir  retreated  with  the 
main  hotly  of  the  troops,  by  land,  through  Vermont  to  Hutlson  river,  near 
Saratoga,  and  soon  alter  contiuued  to  retreat  until  the  army  bad  crossed  the 
Mohawk  river,  near  i(s  junction  with  the  Hudson,  where  considerable  rein- 
forcements were  met,  and  General  Gates  assumed  the  command  of  th« 
|f orthem  Army. 

Battle  of  Saratoga  ami  capture  of  Eiirgoyne, 

Soon  after  the  capture  of  the  British  detachment  under  Banm  at  Ben- 
nington, by  General  Stark  ;  and  the  retreat  of  General  St.  Ledger  from  fort 
8tanwix  ;  Gen.  Gates  advanced  to  meet  the  enemy,  who  was  encamped 
near  Saratoga.  When  the  army  arrived  at  Stillwater,  a  corps  of  li^ht  iu' 
fantry  was  formed,  by  detachments  from  the  line,  consisting  of  five  full  com- 
panies, and  the  command  given  to  Major  Doar!iorn,  with  orders  from  Gen. 
'  Gates  to  act  in  concert  with  Col.  Morgan's  regiment  of  rillemen,  which  had 
Joined  the  army  a  few  days  previous.  A  strong  position  was  selected,  called 
Bemis'  Heights,  and  immediately  occupied  by  the  American  army.  The 
riflemen  and  Dearborn's  corps  of  light  iul'antry,  encamped  in  advance  of  the 
left  of  the  main  line.  The  British  army  had  advanced  from  8arat(M;a,  and 
encamped  on  the  bank  of  the  river,  within  three  mUes  of  Gen.  Gates'  [losition. 

On  the  morning  of  the  19th  of  September,  the  advanced  pickets  an- 
nounced, that  the  right  wing  of  the  British  army  was  in  motion,  when  Mor- 
gan and  Dearborn,  who  commanded  sei)arate  corps,  received  orders  from 
Gen.  Arnold  to  make  a  forward  movement,  to  check  the  approaching  col- 
umn. These  orders  were  promptly  obeyed,  and  the  advanced  guani,  consist- 
ing of  tories  and  other  irregulai^,  was  soon  met  and  attacked  with  ppirit,  in 
vrhich  conflict  they  killed  and  wounded  a  considerable  number  of  the  enemy, 
and  made  twenty-two  prisoners.  The  action  soon  after  became  general, 
and  continued  until  the  dusk  of  the  evening,  on  the  same  groiind  on  which  it 
commenced ;  neither  party  having  retreatetl  more  than  twenty  or  thirty 
rods,  and  that  alternately,  so  that  the  dead  of  both  armies  were  mingled  to- 
gether. 

Dearborn,  with  his  light  corps,  covered  the  left  of  the  main  line,  while 
Morgan  covered  the  right  The  loss  was  severe  on  both  sides,  and  espe- 
cially in  the  New  Hampshire  line.  Lieut.  Colonels  Adams  and  Colburn 
being  killed.  Dearborn  was  promoted  to  a  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  was  at  that 
time  ia  the  27th  year  of  his  age.    As  hie  light  corps  was  constantly  em- 


|)1oyed 
advanc 
Ui 
aiake 
positioi 
to  join 
o'clock 
driving 
Gates's 
eral  Ar 
advane 

but  BOO 

oppose 
nence 


r^-  m- 


V"' 


made  prtson- 
lii  6  very  dajr 
England  am 

1  to  return  on 
te  Niger,  and 
rs.  Ou  their 
ami  the  corn- 
in  New  Enj;- 
irds  of  thirty 
ley  were  put 
Portland  by 

changed,  and 
nmanded  by 
the  regiment 

ed  ou  the  ap- 
ted  wilb  tiie 
ti  river,  near 
:l  crossed  the 
derable  reiu- 
mand  of  th« 


oyne, 

anm  at  Ben- 
der from  fort 
IS  encamped 
of  Ii2;ht  in- 
ive  full  cora- 
from  Gen. 
wliich  had 
cted,  culfed 
irmy.     The 
^'ance  of  the 
ratoga,  and 
es'  [)03ition. 
pickets  an- 
when  Mor- 
orders  from 
aching  col- 
rd,  consist- 
spirit,  ill 
the  enemy, 
ne  general, 
on  which  it 
or  thirty 
ningled  to- 


h 


line,  while 
and  espe- 
i  Colburn 
as  at  that 
tantly  ein> 


|i1oyed  in  reconioiti'eing,  frequent  actions  occurred  IietvreeD  the  piclcetiand 
advance  parties  of  the  enemy. 

Un  the  seventh  of  October,  General  Burgoyne  having  determined  to 
Malte  an  extraordinary  and  last  effort  to  gain  possession  of  the  American 
position,  and  to  open  a  passage  for  his  army  to  Albany,  vrhere  he  expected 
to  join  the  British  forces,  then  ascending  the  Hudson  river,  at  about  one 
o'clock,  P.  M.  advanced  in  force  with  a  fine  train  of  artillery,  and  after 
driving  in  the  American  pickets,'  appeared  in  full  view  of  the  left  of  General 
Gates's  line,  in  open  ground.  Morgan  and  Dearborn  were  ordered  by  Gen- 
eral Arnold,  in  person,  to  advcnce,  and  hold  the  enemy  iu  check.  They 
advanced  rapidly,  and  in  a  few  moments  were  engaged  with  the  enemy, 
but  soon  after  received  orders  to  move  in  such  a  direction  as  to  meet  and 
oppose  any  body  of  the  enemy  that  might  bo  advancing  to  occupy  an  emi- 
nence which  would  give  him  the  command  of  the  left  wing  of  the  American 
army.  In  this  movement,  a  body  of  British  light  infantry,  about  five  hun- 
dred strong,  under  the  command  of  Lord  Belicaras,  was  met,  which  was  in- 
stantly broken  and  dispersed,  by  one  fire  and  a  gallant  charge  of  the  infantry. 

The  riflemen  and  li.^ht  infantry  continued  their  pursuit  until  they  ar- 
rived in  the  rear  of  the  enemy's  right  v/ing,  where  the  battle  was  extremely 
warm  between  the  two  main  lines.  Morgan's  troops  now  passed  through 
the  skirts  of  a  wocd,  which  brought  him  iu  the  rear  of  the  enemy's  left 
wing,  while  Dearborn  bcre  down  directly  on  the  rear  of  the  right  King, 
where  the  British  artillery  was  principally  posted,  under  cover  of  a  body  of 
German  trocpa.  Dearborn  advanced  rapidly  up  to  the  pieces,  and  when 
within  aiiout  thirty  yards,  threw  in  such  a  tremendous  and  well  directed  fire, 
as  killed  and  dispersed  the  whole  of  the  covering  party,  as  well  as  nearijr 
all  the  artillerymen. 

The  artillery  was  immediately  taken,  together  with  Major  Williams, 
the  commander,  and  several  other  officers  ;  also  Sir  Francis  Clark,  one  of 
General  Burgoyne's  aids  de  camp,  who  was  mortally  wounded.  He  had 
just  given  orders  for  the  removal  of  the  caiinon,  and  as  he  wheeled  his 
horse  to  return,  received  the  fire  from  Dearborn's  corps.  Dearborn  sent 
the  cannon  and  prisoners  round  the  right  of  tlie  British  army  into  the  Amer- 
ican camp,  then  advanced  in  line  within  sixty  yards  of  the  enemy's  rear, 
and  poured  in  a  full  fire  from  his  whole  corps,  which  produced  such  an  ef- 
fect, as  compelled  the  enemy  to  abandon  the  field,  with  great  precipitation 
and  disorder ;  and  to  retire  to  their  advanced  fortified  camp.  In  this  re- 
treat General  Frazer  was  killed. 

The  Americans  immediately  advanced  upon  the  British,  and  while 
Arnold  with  Dearborn's  corps  and  several  regiments  of  infantry  assaulted 
and  carried  the  Qerman/orttfied  camp,  on  the  right ;  General  Poor  with  the 
New  .Hampshire  line,  attacked  what  was  called  Frazefn  camp,  which  the 
enemy  abandoned,  as  soon  as  the  Gerwan  camp  was  carried.  It  was  then 
nearly  dark.  In  the  assault  on  the  German  camp.  General  Arnold,  who 
leaped  his  horse  over  the  ramparts,  received  a  severe  wound  in  his  leg,  and 
his  horse  being  killed  at  the  same  moment,  fell  on  him.  While  Colonel 
Dearborn,  who  ran  to  him  as  soon  as  he  fell,  was  assisting  him  from  under 
\m  horse,  he  asked  the  General  if  he  was  badly  wounded  ;  he  replied  with 
great  warmth,  "  yes,  in  the  same  leg  which  was  wounded  in  the  attack  on 
Quebec ;  I  can  never  go  into  action  without  being  shot — I  wish  the  ball 
had  gone  through  my  heart." 

Alter  taking  care  of  the  wounded,  the  artillery  waggons,  horses,  tents» 
baggage  and  prisoners  were  sent  to  the  American  head  quarters,  and  the 
troops  that  had  assaulted  and  carried  the  post,  being  relieved  by  others,  at 
about  twelve  o'clock  at  night,  marched  into  camp  very  much  fatigued.— 
Early  the  next  morning.  Dearborn's  corps,  with  one  thousand  infantry,  ad- 
vanced over  tiie  field  i^  bfttlle  into  the  rear  of  the  enemy's  main  positioq» 


.      .  t 

thm  dn  exprdniion  itiat  lie  would  attempt  a  retreat  towards  Canada ;  but 
as  he  did  not  move,  lliis  dclnchment  retrented  to  camp  at  dark. 

The  next  murnhig,  it  being  aicertained  that  the  enemy  were  retreat* 
ing,  Dearborn  was  oniered  tu  advance  with  hi*  corpi,  and  a  part  of  Mor- 
gnu'i  regiment,  and  taiir  iNMBSMion  o{  the  British  camp,  with  the  sick  and 
wounded  that  had  been  left  to  the  care  of  General  Gates.  The  whole  of 
the  Ameripan  army  was  soon  afterwanis  ordered  to  march,  but  an  unusually 
heavy  rain  prevented  this  movement,  and  compelled  General  liurgoyne  to 
halt  and  encamp,  not  more  than  eight  miles  from  his  former  position.  The 
fain  continued  without  intermission  until  past  the  middle  of  the  night. 

On  the  10th  of  October,  the  American  army  marched  in  pursuit  of 
6en.  Burgoyne,  \\ith  the  light  troops  in  front,  and  on  the  17th  the  British 
army  surrendered.  Gen.  Gate*  in  bis  official  report  of  the  battles  at  Sara* 
toga,  mentioned  in  a  particular  manner,  the  bravery  and  good  conduct  of 
Colonels  Morgan  and  Dearborn.  A  few  days  after  the  capitulation.  Dear- 
horn's  light  corps  was  broken  up,  aqd  the  officers  and  men  restored  to  their 
respective  regiments. 

The  New  Hampshire  troops,  with  a  large  part  of  the  northern  army, 
inarched  for  General  Washington's  head-quarters  at  White  Marsh,  in  Penn- 
sylvania, and  on  their  arrival,  Ccl.  Scammel  being  ap|)ointed  Adjutant 
General  of  the  army,  Lieut.  Cpl.  Dearbpra  tgok  th^  pomoaand  of  th§  third 
^en  Uampsbjre  regiment. 


Battle  of  Monmouth, 


Tn  the  campaign  of  1778,  Dearborn  served  with  the  main  army,  and 
in  the  battle  of  Monmouth,  the  spirited  conduct  of  Cilley's  detached  regt 
inent,  of  which  Urariiorii  was  Lieut.  Colonel,  attracted  particularly  the  at? 
'tention  of  the  Commander  la  Chit T. 

After  Lee  had  made  a  preeipitate  and  unexpected  retreat,  Washing* 
(on,  among  other  meastirf  s  which  he  took  to  check  tho  advance  of  the  Brit- 
ish, ordered  Ciliey's  regiment  to  attack  a  bo<ly  of  troops  which  were  passing 
through  an  orchard  on  the  right  wing  of  the  enemy. 

The  regiment  advances!  under  a  heavy  fire,  with  a  ra|)id  step  and 
ahouldered  arms.  The  enemy  filetl  otT  and  forqied  on  the  end  of  a  morass, 
The  Americans  wheeled  tu  the  right,  received  tlieir  second  tire  with  shoulder- 
ed arms,  marcbed  up  within  eight  rods, dressed,  gave  a  full  fire,  and  charged 
hayonctf  The  British  having  sustained  considorableloss, fled  with  precipitation 
pcioss  the  morass,  where  they  were  protected  by  the  main  body  ol  the  enemy, 

Col.  Dearborn  was  then  dispatched  to  the  Commander  in  Chief,  to 
ask  what  further  service  was  required  ;  when  he  approached,  Washington 
enquired,  with  evident  pleasure  at  their  gallant  conduct,  "  what  troops  are 
ihose  ?"  "  Full  blooded  Yankees,  from  New  Hampshire,  Sir,'^  replied 
Dearborn.  Washington  expressed  his  approbation  in  explicit  terms,  and 
directed  that  they  should  fall  back  and  refresh  themselves,  as  the  heat  was 
very  oppressive  and  the  troops  much  fatigued. 

In  the  general  orders  of  the  next  day,  Washington  bestowed  the  high- 
est commendation  on  the  brilliant  exploit  of  the  regiment    ^ 

In  1770,  Dearborn  accompanied  General  Sullivan  in  his  expedition 
against  tbe  Indians,  and  had  an  active  share  in  the  action  of  the  29th  of 
August,  with  the  united  forces  of  Tories  and  Indians  at  Newtown.  During 
the  campaign  of  1 780,  he  was  with  the  main  army  in  Jersey. 

In  1781,  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Quarter  Master  General,  with  the 
rank  of  Colonel,  and  served  in  that  capacity  with  Washington's  army  in 
Virginia.  He  was  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  and  the  capture  of  Lord 
Cornwallis  and  bis  army.  Col.  Scammel  being  killed  during  the  siege, 
Dearborn  succeeded  to  tbe  command  of  the  first  New  Hampshire  regiment, 


•  Canada ;  but 
rk. 

y  vrere  retreat* 
I  part  of  Mor- 
Ih  the  sick  aiid 
The  whole  of 
ut  an  unusually 
al  Iturgoyne  to 
[tosition.  The 
the  night, 
d  in  pursuit  of 
7th  the  British 
battles  at  Sara- 
ootl  conduct  of 
itiilaUon,  Dear* 
estored  to  their 

northern  army, 
tiarsh,  in  Penn- 
Inted  Adjutant 
ad  of  th«  third 


Atid  waa  ordered  h  ttie  fronfier  garrison  at  daratoga  during  tlie  oaMpaiga  uf 
1782.    In  November  he  joined  the  army  at  Newburg. 

After  our  Independence  was  secured  and  acknowledged  by  tliR  King 
of  Great  Brit-'n,  Col.  Dearborn,  with  his  companions  in  arms,  who  had 
survived  the  fatigues,  hardships  and  dangen  of  the  war,  returned  to  the 
pursuits  of  private  life< 

In  June,  1784,  he  I'errtoved  from  N»w-Hampshire  to  Kennebec,  in  the 
District  of  Maine<  In  1787,  he  was  elected  Brigadier  General  of  the  mi- 
litia, and  soon  aftef  appointed  a  Mi^or  General.  President  Washington 
appointed  him  Marshal  for  the  District  of  Maine  in  the  year  1 789.  He 
was  twice  elected  to  represent  the  Districtof  Kennebec  in  the  Congress  of 
the  United  States. 

On  the  accessiori  of  Mr.  Jefferson  td  the  Presidentry,  he  was  appointed 
I9e<ir«tary  ol  War,  and  continued  in  that  office  until  March  1800,  when  he 
rcsigne<l  and  was  appointed  Collector  for  Boston,  and  in  February,  1812,  he 
received  a  commission  as  senior  Major  General  in  the  Army  of  the  United 
States.  .         ' 


Narrative  of  Events  during  the  late  War, 


lain  army,  and 
detached  regt 
icularly  the 


nd 

gl-  I 
at^  I 


real,  Wasbing- 
nce  of  the  Brit* 
;h  were  passing 

apid  step  and 
id  of  a  morass, 
!  with  shoulder- 
re,  and  charged 
lb  precipitation 
J  oi  the  enemy, 
er  in  Chief,  to 
J,  Washington 
vhat  troovs  are 
Sir,'^  replied 
cit  terms,  and 
}  the  heat  waa 

owed  the  high* 

his  expedition 
of  the  20th  of 
own.    During 

neral,  with  the 
gton's  army  in 
pture  of  Lord 
■ing  the  siege, 
ebue  regiment, 


General  Dearliorn,  from  his  earliest  years  to  the  present  period,  has 
Manifested  himself  the  firm  patriot.  Can  his  adversuries  prove  as  much  in 
behalf  of  themselves  ?  Have  those,  whoJustiGed  the  aggressions  of  the  Brit- 
ish government,  as  high  claims  forpublic  coufideuce,  as  those  who  ^lobly 
exerted  their  influence  in  her  defence  ?  Does  the  honornble  appellation  of 
patriot  belong  to  those  who  refused  to  comply  with  the  requisitions  of  the 
general  government  in  opposing  the  common  enemy  ?  Who  excited  rebel- 
lion, and  called  a  convention  for  the  appareut  puqiose  ofdividing  the  States  ? 
How  was  General  Dearborn  employed  during  the  period  when  our  country 
was  invaded  ?  He  was  seen  rallying  around  the  standartl  of  the  nation. 
His  quick  discernment  penetrated  the  insiduous  designs  of  its  enemies.  In- 
flexible in  his  attachment  to  the  indcficndence  of  his  country,  for  which  he 
early  fought,  no  allurements  could  be  presented  to  divert  him  from  bis  Rnn 
resolution  in  her  support.  Too  sincere  and  candid  to  court  preferment,  he 
possessed  that  commanding  deportment  and  stability  wkich  rendered  him 
inaccessible  to  flattery  and  the  subtle  arts  of  dissimulation.  The  high 
jtosts  of  honor  to  which  he  has  been  elevated  were  due  to  his  rigid  integrity. 
General  Washington  never  forgot  his  di3tin<;ui8hed  compatriots  in  arms. 
No  sooner  was  this  moat  illustrious  man  called  by  the  voice  of  the  nation  to 
the  head  of  government,  than  he  nominated  his  most  deserving  officers  to 
[places  of  trust  in  the  civil  department.  Among  these  we  find  Colonel 
Dearborn,  whom  he  appointed  Mai:^hal  in  the  District  of  Maine.  Since 
|which,  he  was  twice  in  succession  eltr.led  to  represent  the  same  district  in 
Congress ;  and  selected  out  of  that  Lilustrious  body,  was  one  of  President 
Jeflerson's  cabinet  council.  This  great  statesman  and  philosopher  combin- 
|ed  within  himself  strong  mental  powers,  and  a  profound  erudition  seldom 
lequalled,  which  justly  entitled  him  to  the  highest  honors  of  the  nation. 
[When  he  was  conducted  to  the  presidential  chair,  he  foresaw  he  liad  to  con- 
end  with  disappointed  men,  possessing  passions  and  prejudices  originating 
rom  either  venality  or  interest.  He  knew  he  had  to  fortify  himself  against 
he  pride  and  influence  of  a  powerful  party.  To  support  his  administration 
[gainst  this  formidable  opposition,  he  formed  his  council  of  men  whose  ia> 
'ity  and  patriotism  haU  bsoa  tried.    TbM  eB««ro<ed  witli  an  impcnetrar 


blA  phalanx  of  honeit  itatesnien,  ho  nccureil  himaetr  aealntt  th«  iu!>(lf!  (ii' 
tri;;ii(t  or  his  internal  adversaries,  and  more  avuwud  huslilily  of  the  uxtuf 
nal  enemies  uf  the  country. 

The  gloriotis  history  of  the  .Teflersonian  administration  in  frrsh  in  our 
memory.  Nur  have  we  forgotten  the  virulent  and  abusive  attacks  it  had  t(» 
■ustHin.  Not  only  the  President,  but  his  ministers  were  set  up  as  the  ob* 
jec(s  of  slander  and  detraction.  Let  us  turn  over  the  tiles  of  the  tory  pa< 
pciH  of  that  |)eriud;— a  period,  when  the  increasioje;  affluence  and  riaiuK  "^' 
porlHuce  of  the  nulion,  by  her  unprecedented  strides  to  liunor  and  glory, 
e):cited  the  envy  of  Europe ;  our  eyes  are  assailed  on  ovrrv  page  with  tlio 
must  wofnl  misrepresentations  of  our  ap|>roacbing  destruction,  prophetic  of 
the  downfnl  of  the  nation,  dissolution  of  llie  government,  and  disurgsniKa- 
(ion  of  every  social  lx)nd. 

The  administration,  although  powerfully  attacked,  Bto(Ml  firm ;  its  ene* 
mies  daily  lost  Uieir  influence.  Our  wise  constitution,  the  dread  of  tyraiitSf 
did  not  crumble  to  pieces,  ns  liad  been  predicted,  but  rem»iiied  unglinken. 
This  palladium  of  our  liberlicB,  so  Iinpre^^nalile  within  ildelf,  could  lie  aa- 
lailed  only  thrfui'ijh  those  who  administtrcd  the  government  under  it. 

It  was  nt  tliis  period  that  (^1.  j.)eurlx3rn's  unsullied  reputation  first  dig- 
nifled  the  columns  of  the  tory  impcrn.  Hia  pure  name  tliey  would  have 
immolated  to  viiulicllvc  pnsaiona.  J^ut  his  cbarncter  reinuiiird  as  unim- 
peached  in  the  ca)>inet,  as  \m  cuui-agi*  and  bravery  had  been  proved  in  tlio 
field. 

Colonel  Dcnrbom  resigned  the  Secrotaryahip  of  the  War  Department, 
and  was  ap|H)inted  Collector  of  the  port  of  floston;  in  whicli  oiTice  he  re- 
mained until  Iho  nalibii,  deeply  wounded  and  dishonored  by  repeated  viola- 
tions of  its  rights!,  resorteid  to  arras  to  obtain  redreas. 

The  government  of  thirty  yenrs  of  prosperous  peace,  had  to  select  its 
oSlicers  to  command  its  armies  Iroin  among  its  citizens.  Could  a  more  eli- 
gible appointment  have  been  mmle,  for  a  commander  in  chief,  than  from 
the  few  exiating  veterans  whose  talents  hati  been  proved  in  the  tented 
field,  and  on  the  day  of  battle  ?  Among  this  small  number  was  Colonel 
Dearliorn.  During  the  mouch  of  January,  It)  12,  lie  received  the  following 
letter  from  the  President  of  the  United  States.         ,  -,,  .  • 

«•  Ifashlngton,  Jnnuan/  11,  1G12. 
"  Dear  Sir — Congreas  have  Just  passed  the  art  adding  twenty  odd 
thousand  troops  to  the  military  estubliahment.  It  provides  for  two  Major 
Generals  and  five  Brigadiers.  The  importance  of  placing  this,  and  the 
forces  in  view,  under  the  liest  commanders,  speaks  for  itaelf.  Our  eyes 
could  not  but  be  turned  on  such  an  occasion,  to  your  qualifications  and  ex- 
perience ;  and  I  wait  for  your  pcrraiaaion  only  to  name  you  to  the  Senate 
for  the  senior  Major  <<eneral.  1  hope  you  will  so  far  suspend  all  other 
considerations  as  not  to  withhold  it,  and  that  I  shall  not  only  be  gratified 
with  this  information  as  quickly  as  |>08sible,  but  with  an  authority  to  look 
for  your  arrival  here  as  soon  as  you  can  malce  it  practicable.  You  will  be 
sensible  of  all  the  value  of  your  co-operation  on  the  sjiol,  in  miking  the 
arrangements  necessary  to  repair  the  loss  of  time  which  has  taken  place. 
All  the  information  we  receive,  urges  a  vigorous  preparation  for  events. 
Accept  my  best  respects  and  most  friendly  wishes. 
General  Deareoen.  JAMES  MADISON." 

Believing  Ihat  the  accumulated  injuries  which  his  country  had  receivetl 
from  Great  Britain,  and  which  still  remai:ied  unredressed,  required  an  ap- 
peal to  the  God  of  battles,  he  informed  the  President  that  his  life  had  ever 
been  devoted  to  the  service  of  \m  country,  and  he  felt  himself  bouaU  i» 
©bey  her  commands  whenever  his  services  were  required. 


t  th«  iu!>(1a  {ii' 
y  of  the  oxter* 

U  frcih  ill  our 
tacks  it  ha<l  t<» 
t  up  as  tile  ob* 
of  the  tory  pa- 

I  and  riaiiiK  im- 
nor  and  glory« 

page  Willi  the 
in,  pru|ihftic  uf 
nd  diaurgaai^a- 

il  firm ;  its  cne* 
read  uf  tyrants, 
lined  unehnken. 
ir,  could  he  aa« 
:  under  it. 
itatioii  first  dig- 
!y  would  have 
itiiicd  as  unim- 

II  proved  iu  tliot 

ur  Department, 
icli  OiTice  he  re- 
repcuted  viola- 

ind  to  select  its 
>LiId  a  more  eli- 
lief,  than  froin 
in  the  tented 
»er  was  Colonel 
d  the  following 


;vll,  1212. 
iui;  twenty  odd 

for  two  Miijor 

this,  and  the 
self.  Our  eyes 
UHtions  and  ex- 
u  to  the  Senate 
pend  all  other 
nly  be  gratified 
uthority  to  look 
Yon  will  he 

in  innkini;  the 
las  taken  placo. 

for  events. 

rlADlSOxX." 

ry  had  receivetl 
Inquired  an  ap- 
lis  life  had  ever 
limself  bouad  i» 


Koily  III  Fehrn»ry  li«  rrctived  a  letter  from  tho  l're»ident,  dated  Jai> 
ttury  28,  in  which  he  otservrd, 

'♦  1  have  .just  received  from  (bn  8ennl«  Ihi  ir  concurrence  (23  lo  t» 
volet)  in  your  nonaiiiHlion  hs  a  Mnjor  (Jrncrid.     1  yive  you  the  earlient  no- 
<icf,  that  williout  wairiiig;  lor  a  IowiihI  rominiiniculion,  yon  may  hasten  your 
setrim;  out  fur  VVhkI  iiiKioii.     In  onli  r  lo  slVord  lh«  public  the  beiit-fii  of 
your  couitsels  herv,  it  is  very  lrap(»rlHnl  tlint  you  he  with  us  without  a  mo- 
ment's tUlay.     In  the  ho|i»;  v.f  seiing  you   very  speeitily,  and  with  every 
vtish  lor  your  hHpplneMA,  i  lender  assurances  of  my  I'StrMn  and  frientlshlftr 
•    'IMie  next  day  after  the  receipt  of  the  foreK"*<iK  cmoioonlf  ation — ner 
jfrotnjA  to  vhiy  ihf  command  rj' kin  cmmlnt"-}n¥  kit  lloston  for  live  tity^ 
Washineton,  where  lie  remained  until  the  last  of  April ;  f«««islini{  the  exec- 
utive  inrnn|:in';  those  militHry  HrrMiic;4<nieiits4vl  ich  were  deemed  neecHary 
on  the  anticipated  event,  of  a  dvclaralion  ol'  war.     He  then  repaired  to  Al- 
-bnny,  and  dtre«-.|e4l  the  fKlalilishiaeat  of  barra<  ks,  de|i«)ts  of  arms,provi»ioii9, 
and  tlie  whole  mnUrial  of  war,  on  the  ni>rtlierri  and  north-wt  stem  frontit  r. 
From  thence  Itc  |ir«M'eeiied  lo  Itoston,  and  Mlufded  the  necctSHsy  arrane*- 
ments  for  fiiitting;  thr  (tnrrltons  on  the  sea  coasts  of  Coniieclieut,  Khmle 
Inland,  Mariachimetts  Proper,  New  Hamitshire,  and  the  iiiitrict  of  31aine, 
ill  IIm  best  po«4iltl«  posture  of  defence. 

.Soon  after  the  declaration  (if  war,  he  repaired  to  (he  Cantonnwnt  at  Oreen- 
li.ish,  to  direct  and  sn|»*'rinlend  the  o|ieraiions  for  opening  lh«  canipai(!;n. 
*'  II  lielone:s  (othoae  who  witnessed  the  {Krplexilies  ami  emiiarrnHHimiilsHt- 
lending  the  opganiration  of  an  uniliMi  i|>lined  iNMly  of  in<'U,  to  apprecinte  his 
merits.  The  raw  tr«o|>s  under  his  commanil,  learnt  their  iir«l  rudiments  «'f 
war,  and  were  taught  to  In-nt  the  celebrated  veterans  of  Europe."  The 
'Shameful  surremler  4>f  General  Hull,  at  Delroit,  ami  sutiserpieiit  iiiiibrtunate 
traiisHCtiom  on  the  Niagara,  at  (|ueenitown  heiKhls,  frustrated  the  plHiis  of 
:the  campaign  <o(  1812.  Notwlthslandiog  theae  severe  cluxkn,  Gen.  Tenr- 
iMim  did  not  rcdax  in  activity .;  for  as  *ti(m  as  he  had  ordered  his  army  into 
winter  quarters  at  Plattsl)ur};b  and  Kurlinirton,  he  was  unnmiliedly  em- 
ployetlin  r«croi!ing  the  army,  ami  makin;;  preparations  for  opening  the  cam- 
paign early  in  the  following  spring.  We  witnessed  the  effects  of  eight 
tinoulli!)  discipline  ;  bis  expeitiliiais  movi  mrnts  in  181.1,  preserved  Sai  keit\ 
Harttor,  when  abandoned  by  the  militia  ;  and  prt  served  the  fleet,  tlien  IVu- 
2ea  up  at  that  port,  from  a  ounteinplated  attack  from  tiie  enemy. 

Capture  of  York  ami  Fort  George, 

PrevToua  to  (heOenernrsdei»arlnre  from  Albany  in  the  montli  of  F«i 
Tuary,  1813,  he  h«l  onlered  (Senerals  l/ewifl  and  Koyd  to  the  ^iagaru  tion- 
4ier,  directing  the  former  U*  prepr.re  laials  and  re^ms,  erect  batteriis,  and 
make  every  necessary  arrang^tm'rit  for  an  attack,  and  descent  on  Fort 
George.  General  Dearlmm,  after  ^inng  these  orders,  repaired  to  t'tica 
and  Whiteatown,  made  there  arrangements  for  the  transport,  it  ion  of  troops 
4)own  the  Oswego  to  Haekett's  H«»l)or,  and  cavp  the  ntressftry  ilirectioiM 
relative  to  al4  the  military  stores  for  the  «'n«uing  cainpjdpn.  These  acrorn- 
Itlished,  he  procee<led  lo  Sa«  kett's  Uarbor,  ni;reeal>ly  to  a  plan  of  0|»eratioiw 
«'hinh  liad  been  b;  iited  t<»  the  roimhh'ration  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and 
which  was  left  (o  ...e  discretion  of  Major  General  Dearborn  to  cany  into 
«lfect. 

The  prf»jeeted  filnn  was  to  eaplitre  and  dealroy  Little  York  ;  this  would 
five  Conomodore  Chauncey  the  comrmind  of  tin;  lake,  render  it  iiH|toflsible 
to  furiMiih  thtir  troops  and  Imlians  with  stores,  and  cut  otf  all  commur.ica- 
ibns  between  Kingston  and  Maiden. 

The  plHii  was  di«clo««'d  at  the  harbour  only  to  Commodore  Chnimrey 
and  General  Tike.     General  Lewis  ttien  at  Nia<;;ir«,  was  also  ad\iked  </ 


t' 


I 


10 

nt«  tuoveiueul,  and  ordtTHd  tu  be  in  readines»  for  an  lm:ncdiate  attack  4ii 
roil  Oeorge.  Aflcr  the  capture  ol'  York,  the  troofis  were  to  he  transported 
tp  Niagura,  and  make  an  iiiatant  attack  on  Fort  iieorge.  This  being  ef- 
fected, the  army  was  to  have  been  transjHirted  back  to  Sackett's  Harbour; 
irom  whence,  with  an  additional  number  of  troops  collecting  by  previous 
unlers,  they  were  to  make  an  attack  ou  Kingston  in  its  rear;  while  the  fleet 
^vould  batter  the  town,  fortifications  and  the  fleet  in  front. 

With  this  aysteni  of  operations  in  view.  General  Dearborn  sailed  with 
iiixteen  bundred  men,  as  soon  as  the  ice  permitted  the  fleet  to  leave  the 
harbor.  York  was  taken  27tli  April,  with  all  the  stores  of  the  British  army ; 
a  ship  of  thirty  guns  burnt,  and  the  Duke  of  Gloucester,  of  fourteen  guus^ 
made  a  prize.     The  Earl  of  Moira  had  previously  sailed  for  Kingston. 

Upon  the  r^uccess  of  the  first  part  of  the  expedition,  General  Dearborn 
sent  an  ex[)re8s  to  inform  General  Lewis  what  he  had  done,  and  to  notify 
him  of  his  intended  arrival  with  the  army  at  Fort  Niagara,  at  which  post 
(he  General  arrived  a  few  days  after;  when  he  learnt  that  General  Lewis 
was  at  Judge  Porter's,  opposite  Niagara  fulls,  fourteen  miles  from  his  troops. 
lJ|H>h  further  inquiry,  to  the  di8ap|)ointment  and  mortiiicatioa  of  General 
Dearborn,  it  was  further  learnt,  that  no  step  had  been  taken  by  General 
Lewis  to  prepare  for  the  couteuiplated  attack.  The  batteries  were  not 
(^ven  commenced ;  the  boats  rtecesaary  to  make  tlie  descent  were  not  fur- 
nished. General  Dearborn  had  felt  a  previous  attachment  for  Gen.  Lewis, 
und  out  of  respect  to  him,  transmitted  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  in 
which  the  violent  storms  were  assigned  a  public  reason  for  the  delay  of  the 
movement,  and  postponcmttnt  of  the  intended  attack;  but  lest  improper  ad- 
vantage should  he  taken  of  this  cireunistance,  to  the  prejudice  of  General 
Dearborn,  (which  aftervvards  proved  to  be  the  case)  another  letter  wa& 
(ransniitted,  which  particularly  detailed  tlie  real  causes  of  delay. 

The  General  thus  circumstaaced,  knowing  the  enemy  would  be  rein- 
forced before  the  lH)ats  to  be  built  would  he  iu  readiness  to  psss  over  the 
army,  desired  Commodore  Chauncey  to  return  to  SaeketCs  Harbor,  and  in 
the  interim  bring  up  General  Chaadler^s  brigade.  During  this  perioil,  five 
batteries  we're  erected  above  fort  Niugara,  and  the  boats  which  had  been 
commenced  ^ere  ordered  to  be  finislied  with  all  expeilition,  and  brought 
round  to  Four  Mite  Creek ;  the  last  was  eOected,  ou  the  river  under  the 
lire  of  five  of  the  enemy's  batteries,  without  ainy  loss. 

IminediaJety  on  the  return  of  the  fleet  with  General  Chandler's  brigade, 
the  General  issued  an  order  which  never  has  been  published,  *'  that  on  the 
next  day  the  troops  should  breakfast  at  two  o'clock,  strike  tents  at  three,  and 
<-mbark  at  four  o'clock."  The  situation  and  position  of  the  country  had' 
been  previously  obtained  by  spies,  the  place  of  landing  designated,  and  the 
))ihn  of  attack  delineated;  which  was  submitted  to  Generals  Lewis,  Chand- 
ler, Winder  and  Boyd,  aud  met  their  full  approbation. 

Excessive  fatigues,  and  frequent  exposures  to  storms,  had  produced  a 
A  lolent  fever,  whicli  ten  days  previous  to  the  attack  ou  Fort  George  con- 
lined  General  Dearborn  to  his  bed.  The  morniug  after  the  general  order 
was  announced  for  the  attack,  General  Lewis  culled  on  him  and  said,  it 
vould  be  impost'lble  for  the  nruiy  to  be  embarked.  General  Dearborn  then 
liaving  some  suspicions  of  the  military  character  and  energy  of  Gen.  Lewis. 
replied  the  attack  should  be  made  as  ordered ;  that  he  was  prepared,  and  uo 
I'urtlier  delay  would  be  allowetl. 

The  morning  of  the  attack  General  Dearborn  was  mounte<l  on  his  horse, 
by  assistance,  before  four  o'clock,  iu  opposition  to  the  opinion  of  his  physi- 
cians, and  against  the  reniunistrances  of  the  otiicers  of  the  stall.  He  roile  to 
tlie  place  of  enibarcation;  saw  all  the  troops  on  board  the  fleet  anil  boats; 
Gonrra!  Lewis,  who  had  the  immediate  command,  now Jirst  made  ids  appear- 
mcCt  and  cKf  rcsscd  his  great  astonishment  at  the  uncki>ecttid  rapidity  with 


?  ^\nch  t 

;  General 
f.  Teyed  oi 
^a  Ho«pi 
i  «  1  a|)pr 
^i  replie<i, 
4  ■       Fn 
-j  tremend 
1  tn\  batte 
■  houses, 
Th 
^  light  tro 
Boyd, 
most  ex 
ly  made 
in  succi 
like  ma 
'  evidenc 
they  W( 
20  feet 
'  the  nort 
Gf 
health, 
a1  once 
movem( 
Lewis  9 
.,    «ri4erci?i 
he  ougli 
Dearho 
peated  1 
rvas  not 
betweei 
landed, 
in  orde 
the  ene 
At  this 
carried 
1  prevail 
pnty  A 
'    8van<ly 
I  thliort 
'  allthei 
side  of 
the  lint 
rear  of 
howev 
'    would 
been  < 
moved 
was  la 
ui!h  ( 
him  to 
Inslea 
his  an 
ioiover 

^     C 


^diate  attack  4H 
o  lie  transported 

This  iHfing  ef- 
kett's  Harbour ; 
ng  by  previous 

while  the  fleet 


^- 


^hich  this  movenent  had  lirrii  jnadp.    Tlii«  ^iterlion  had  so  exljaussied,- 

;  General  Dearborn,  that  he  was  taken  from  hia  horse,  icd  to  a  boat,  and  con- 

[  Teye<l  on  board  the  Madison.     On  his  way  to  Four  IMile  Creek,  Dr.  Mann, 

i  a  Hospital  Surgeon  of  the  army,  meeting  Genend  Dearborn,  said  to  him, 

,  •  k    (  "  '  a|)prehend  you  *\o  not  inten<i  to  embark  with  tlje  army." — The  General 

o™  rf  ?  f.    ^!i      ^  f*l>'i^'>  "  ^  apprehend  nothing,  sir ;  I  go  into  battle,  or  perish  in  the  attempt" 

i         From  the  first  dawn  of  day,  and  while  the  army  was  embarking,  a  most, 

■'  tremendous  tire  of  hotshot  And  nhells  from  Fort  Niagara  and  the  new  erect- 

I  e«l  batteries,  was  operliftg  on  Fort  George,  and  continued  until  the  hlock- 

■  houses,  barracks  and  stoj-es  were  enwraped  in  Itames,  and  the  guns  silenced. 
The  gallant  Colonel  (now  Genera!)  Scott,  with  a  commnnd  of  800 

''  light  troops,  composed  the  advance  of  the  army,  foliowetl  by  the  brave  Gen. 

■  Hoyd,  the  accomplished  ofticer  (ren.  AVinder,  au^  the  reserve  under  that 
most  excellent  and  aclive  officer  GHueral  Chandler.  Col.  ii^coft  iinmnliate- 
]y  made  good  his  landing  under  a  sheet  of  tire,  while  the  several  rejiinipnls 
in  succession  formed  the  order  of  battle  from  right  to  U'ft  in  a  most  soldier- 
like mantler.     OtFieers  of  the  army  have  repeatedly  l)een  heard  to  say,  a» 

'  evidence  of  the  judicious  dispositions  made,  and  the  rapidity  with  which 
they  were  executed,  that  this  landing  of  the  army,  this  escalade  of  a  bank 
20  feet  high,  similar  to  a  parapet,  was  the  hanibomest  military  display  on 

'  ftie  northern  frontifr (hiring  the  v,nr. 

'    '       General  Deariiorn,'  from  his  great  exertions,  added  to  hh  ill  state  of 

'  health,  was  unable  to  support  himself  more  than  \5  or  L'O  ininutps  on  his  feet 
a1  once:  but  he  was  nevertheless  frequently  up,  wntchin''  these  interesting 
movements.  The  troops  had  all  lande<l,  (except  the  reserve)  when  Gen. 
Lewis  still  remained  on  board.  His  delay  astonished  Gen.  Dearborn,  who 
exercising  his  usual  delicacy  with  him,  merely  suggested  to  him,  whether 
he  ought  not  to  land,  and  then  retired.  Within  twenty  minutes.  Genera! 
Dearborn  again  came  on  deck,  and  finding  Gen.  Lewis  still  on  hoard,  re- 
peated his  suggestions  for  him  to  land,  notwithstanding  whi^.h.  Gen.  JjOvis 
was  not  on  nhore,  vntil  after  the  battle.  The  enemy  now  had  fallen  back 
between  the  village  of  Newark  and  Fort  George.  After  Gen.  Lewis  had 
landed,  one  hour  and  a°  half  had  passed  away,  and  four  thousand  men  formed 
in  order  of  battle' with  a  fine  train  of  artillery,  were  seen  standing  sti!!,  while 
the  enemy  not  more  than  1230  in  number,  was  muKeuvreiug  for  a  retreat. 
At  this  moment,  Gen.  Dearborn  forgot  his  del  iiity,  and  insisted  on  lieing 
carried  on  shore;  but  by  the  strong  solicitations  of  llios<;  about  him,  was 
prevailed  upon  to  remain  on  board;  antl  iii  agony  at  the  «lelay.  sent  bis  D<^ 
puty  Adjutant  General,  Beebe,  to  Gen.  Lewis,  with  orders  "  to  move  in- 
Bianfly,.  sarround  thft  enemy,  and  cut  them  up."  (Jen.  Lewis,  even  aflrp 
this  order,  waited  an  hour  before  Generals  Boy«J,  Cljandter  and  Scoft,  witli 
all  their  arguments,  could  induce  him  to  advance, and  then  only  to  the  ?o'ith 
aide  of  Newark,  perhap?  three  fourths  of  a  mile  from  his  first  position,  irkcrc 
the  line  waft  w/fam  fornifd,  and  continual  until  the  enamf  had  retreated  in  the 
rear  of  Fortdcorsse,  and  took  the  rout  to  v^iieei'stown  flfigbts.  Col.  h-^eott, 
however,  pursued  the  retreating  broken  anuy  without  orders  tliree  miles,  aiid 
would  not  drsist  in  his  pursuit,  until  four  aids  dc  camp  of  Gen.  Lewis  had 
been  dispatched  to  or«!er  his  return.  Late  in  the  day,  the  ship  Madison 
moved  up  the  Niagara  river  in  front  of  Fort  George,  where  Gen.  Dearborn 
was  taken  on  sliore  and  carried  to  Itis  quarters  much  exhausted.  JMeetirg 
with  Gen.  Lewis  he  expressed  his  disapprobation  of  bis  conduct,  and  onh  red 
him  to  put  the  army  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  at  5  o'clock  tlie  next  morning. 
Instead  of  which,  he  did  not  move  unf(».'>  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  Upon 
his  arrival  at  (Jiieenstown  Heirjiils,!  be  learnt  tlie  enemy  had  made  a  rapid 
movement  towards  ibe  bead  of  Lake  Ontario,  a  few  hours  previous,  by  tho 
Beaver  Dam,  and  sent  back  a  nport  to  this  elVect. 
^     General  Dearborn  having  "u  )i' ;  pari  neglcclcu  nolhlMg  to  secut"  i\\^ 


et  to  leave  th* 
16  British  army; 
'  fourteen  i^uusj 
Kingston, 
neral  Dearborn 
and  to  notify 
at  which  post 
jreneral  Lewis 
from  his  troops, 
oa  of  CJeneral 
en  by  General 
Bries  were  not 
were  not  fur- 
3r  Gen.  Lewis, 
ry  of  War,  in 
e  delay  of  the 
t  improper  ad- 
ce  of  General 
■her  letter  was 
lay. 

[would  be  rein- 
)  psss  over  the 
Harbor,  and  in 
lis  perioil,  five 
hich  had  been 
n,  and  brought 
iver  under  the 

idler's  brigade, 
"  that  on  the 
s  at  three,  and 
I  country  liad-^ 
lated,  and  the 
jewis,  Chaud- 

id  produced  a 
[  George  con- 
general  order 
I  and  said,  it 
dearborn  then 
'  Gen.  Lewis, 
pared,  and  uo 

I  on  his  horse, 
of  his  phy si- 
He  rode  to 
it  and  boats ; 
It  his  appear- 
rai>idity  with 


^ 
'">. 


■■}x- . 


is 


iidvnnfaire  obtained  over  (be  cnrniy,  mortified  ftiid'provoked  at  fl)e  dsrelkticfx. 
of  duty  i.i  i<iiy  otiicer,  unwilling  that  a  broken  ViU^  disconcerted  htmy  ahould^ 
escape,  and  stiii  determined  to  piireiie  tTte  iugitives.,  aeut  lor  Cora.  CU^ouucejir 
and  req^ieeted  him'  to  take  on  board  hia  tlcet  part  of  the  arfny,  and  proceed., 
vrith  them  to  the  head  of  the  lake;  while  (he  retnaindei'  would  murvh  by 
the  lake  road;  ihuvto  make  certaio  the  capture  of  the. scaM£r(?«f  forces  of  the 
eoemy<    To  thin  proposiuon  the  gallant  Commodore  readily  assented.     Or- 
ders were  in  coBsequence  immediately  sent  to  (ren.  Lewia  to  return.    Oor 
the  following  morning  Com,  Chauncey  calletl  again  on  Gen.  Dearborn,  to. 
inform  him,  that  on  consideration  of  the  subject,  it.  would  not  be  prudent  for 
}iini  to  delay  his  return  to  Sackett's  Harbour^  as  it  was  of.  the  utmost  im|M)r- 
tance  the  new  ship  General  Pike  should  be  got  out  on  the  lake  with  alijtos' 
sible  despatch ;  while  the  weak  state  of  that  garrison  would  favoE,  an  attack 
from  a  much  superior  ior<!'e  of  the  enemy  at  Kingston,  (which  l)efore  his  re- 
turn actually  took  place)  and  destroy  his  new  ship,  and  thus  give  Sir  George 
Yeo  the  eommitnd  of  the  Lake.     To  ttie  correctness  of  these  remarks,  and! 
haxitig  no  command  over  Com.  Chauncey,  Gen.  Dearborn  was  obliged  to 
yield.     Thus  tt-ustrated  in  bis  expectation  of  assistance  from  the  fleet,  he  or- . 
<lered  Gen.  CImndler  and  Winder's  Brigades  to  follow  the  enemy  on  the. 
lake  road,  while  ammunitioutf,  provisions,  &e.  were  traQS4)orted  ip  Batteaur 
to  the  head  of  the  lake. 

•    These  brigades  marched  without  delay,  and  having  arrtved  within  five 
miles,  of  the  enemy's  entrenched  camp  at  sunset,  it  was  thought  most  politic' 
to. wait  and  make  the  attack  on  the  following  morning;  but  apprehending  an. 
attack  from  the  enemy,  tliey  encamped  in  order  of  battle,  sleepiugou  tlieir 
arms. 

The  necessary  dispositions  vtere  made  in  concept  with  Generals. Chand« 
ler,  Winder,  and  the  general  staff.  As  was  apprehF.nded  they  were  attacked^ 
but  not  surprised ;  for  on  the  first  alarm  the  line  was  formed,  as  the  Inspec-^ 
tor  General,  Johnson,  has  stated.  The  enemy  was  repulsed  and  defeatcdat 
every  point.  At  the  close  of  the  action^  G«u.  Chandler  iiad  his  horse  shot 
Tmder  him,  and  was  lamed  by  the  tall.  Having  previously  ordered  General 
ArVinder  to  place  one  regiment  of  his  brigade  in  a  road  in  fro|it,  aud  observ- 
ing a  bustle  in  that  direction,  he  (Gen.  Chamller)  presuming  some  confusion 
had  taken  place  among  the  troops,  "  hobbled''  down  there  to  reduce  them  ta 
order.  At  this  lime  all  firing  bad  ceased.  U|K)n  arriving  at  the  spot  he 
gave  orders  to  form  the  men,  but  found  to  his  astonisliment  be  was  in  the 
midst  of  the  eiten>y,  who  led  him  into  the  rear  as  a  prisoner.  Gen.  Winder, 
who  was  on  the  left,  rode  up  to  the  centre  to  confer  with  Gen.  Chandler, 
agreeably  to  an  order  sent  him  by  the  Inspector  General,  ami  arriving 
>,  here  he  expected  to  nieet  Gen.  Chandler*  noticed  the  bustle  in  the  road, 
where  he  had  ordered  one  of  his  regiments,  went  iiuinediuteiy  to  the  spot 
and  fell  in  the  same  trap.  There  never  was  a  darker  night.  As  soon  as  iiay 
opened,  tlie  enemy  were  observed  flying  in  every  dirc^l^ou,  in  squads  of  five, 
tens  and  twenties. 

The  command  now  devolved  onCel.  Barns,  of  tlie  cavalrj' ;  who  Ix^itic; 
|)laced  unexpectedly  in  a  novel  situation,  called  a  council  of  war;  the  C'"*- 
ters  being  peculiarly  situated,  determiiied  to  iii'ud  back  to  Gen.  DearboriS 
(lorty  miles  di»tiint)  iuCorm  hiin  of  the  event,  and  wail  \m  orders.  The  ex- 
))r<'8S  arrived  at  night.  Gen.  Dearborn  iumietliately  called  Generals  Lewis, 
Boyd  antl  Swarluut,  and  ordered  them  to  set  out  immediately  tor  the  army 
and  attack  the  cnen>y.  Gen.  Boyd,  with  the  promptness  of  a  soklier,  de- 
eliired  he  was  ready  to  start  jijs!«ntly ;  but  Gen.  I..ewi8  observed  that  it 
rallied  and  w»b  dark, and  did  not  get  in  readiness  tniiil  ne\(  «lay. 

In  the  nanalive  of  the  campaign  of  lHi3,  we  have  detiiiled  the  event? 
to  the  pttivid  wlitii  Gencr.ila  Clianttler  itiid  Wiudtir  were  niiule  prisoners  of 
•r:ikrf  and  General  Levis,  v  ith  iJoyd  cuid   Hv.avlout  wa.?  outcred  to  prfKutil, 


Rketic 

linule, 

Icioup  ri 

iiagara 

^he  fatiJ 

Ireased  11 

lie  abov| 

ipproacli| 

Ic  desigi 

[ral  Deal 

|eet  coul 

Irected  t| 

Ind  comj 

Voin  blol 

Cor 

II,  he  slv 

Ihe  loth 

lome  mil 

^ommoii 

|nemy  w 

iierfcd  wt 

iir  the  ai 

kttempt  i 

Thi 

>oromoil 

4leet  arri 

.Rising  Ik 

Avas  redu 

(land  of 

)iis  fever 

Ihe  arm} 

vas  rece 

kiost  sixt 

Iheir  urn 

(arass  a 

bnd  whf 

liat  thia 

Man  to  < 

sen  of  i 

,l?d  beca 

:|i  rht  ar 

liuuse,  il 

It 

•  numb 

JJoerstl 

?1i)n«e  ar 
.J? .   . 
'iMioice. 

■i?cott, 

^tl^enert 

.iiUeirs. 

I         ^ 

7by  a  n 

the  hoi 

J  to  cam 

,1;         'i 

lexpres 
'•|t«cke( 


•^1 


t  file  dt^eliclfofi,. 
id  army  shouldl 
'ora.  Qiouucey 
/,  ami  proceeiF,. 
ould  inHivli  by 
■ff  forces  ut  the 
NSB^iifed.     Or- 
<»  return.    Onf 
•  DearborD,  to. 
be  |>rudent  for 
ataiogt  imiwr- 
c  wilh  all  pock 
ivoc,  air  attack 
before  hit  re- 
ive Sir  George 
remarks,  anif 
r«8  obliged  to 
tie  fleet,  he  or-, 
snemy  on  the. 
[i  1(1  BatteauK 

ed  within  five 
it  most  politic 
irehendiog  an. 
epiugoii  Uieir 

fieralsChand* 

'ere  attacked, 

i  the  Inspec-^ 

fid  defeated  at 

lis  horse  shot 

ered  General 

.  aud  observ- 

ine  eonfiieiun 

dui;e  them  to 

it  tiie  spot  he 

»  was  ill  the 

en.  Winder, 

n.  Chandler, 

ami  arriving 

in  the  road, 

to  the  spot 

B  soon  aa  (lay 

iuadsolfivf, 

;  who  lj«}iiijEr 
ar;  the  v''\- 
1.  Dt;arbora(, 
9.  The  ex- 
orals  Lewis, 
■or  the  army 
soldier,  th- 
;rved  that  i* 

I  the  fvcnl? 
pri80iit:r8  of 
to  !i)ro<;i;i  tl. 


13 

ike  command  of  the  army,  and  beat  the  enemy.    We  faate  been  (be  nKir* 

linute,  to  shew  how  grossly  the  public  have  been  blinded  by  false  and  ma< 
[cioup  representations  respecting  the  (^nduet  of  General  Dearborn  on  the> 

liagara  frontier.     After  the  capture  ol'  Fort  George,  his  health  deteriorated* 

'he  fatigues  and  ex|K>eures  of  that  important  day,  as  was  predicted,  in- 
[reased  his  fever,  so  that  be  was  not  able  to  leave  his  bed.    The  day  after 

)e  above  officers  dc|>arted  to  join  the  army,  th«  British  fleet  hove  in  sight, 
Ipproac lied  to  take  the  sooiidings  0|)posite  Foit  Niagara^  and  ap|)eared  to 
be  designating  a  place  for  landing  troops.  In  consequence  of  which,  Geu' 
[rHi  Dearborn  recalled  the  ainiy  fmm  Hloney  Creek ;  knowing  the  enemy'* 
leel  could  bring  down  all  his  forces,  land,  take  Fort  Niagara  and  the  new 
Irected  batteries,  turn  their  guns  on  Fort  George,  now  in  a  demolished  state, 
ind  uornpcl  its  small  garrison  to  surrender  before  the  army  could  return 

rom  Stony  Creek  by  land. 
I      Commodore  Chuuncey  was  confident  when  he  sailed  frOm  the  Niaga- 

I,  he  sliould  be  able  to  get  the  new  ship  out,  and  leave  Sackett's  Harbor  by 
Ihe  loth  of  June,  and  that  in  the  mean  time  the  British  would  not  dare  te 
]ome  oiit  on  the  lake<    They  did  appear,  however,  in  a  few  days  after  the 

/ummodorf's  departure,  and  thereby  prevented  the  ojHiratiima  against  the 
fneiny  which  were  contemplated.  The  roads  were  naturally  bad,  and  ren- 
If  rfcd  worse  by  rains  ;  so  that  the  transportation  of  provisions  and  supplies 

)r  the  army  by  land  was  impossible  ;  while  it  would  have  been  madness  to 

ftlempt  it  in  batteaux  by  water,  while  the  British  fleet  was  on  the  lake. 
Thus  situated,  General  Dearborn  determined  to  wait  the  return  of  the 
ICoroniodore,  repair  Fort  George,  and  be  in  readiness  to  move  as  soon  as  the 
peet  arrived.     An  express  was  received  from  Commodore  Chauneey,  a(V 
^vising  he  eo^ld  not  move  before  the  30th  of  June.     At  this  period  bis  health 
.'Was  reduced  so  low  that  he  was  induced  to  relinquish  the  immediate  com- 
mand of  the  army,  at  the  special  recommendation  of  his  physicians,  until 
^lis  fever  should  abate,  and  hf«  strength  be  restored^  and  the  command  of 
Jtbe  army,  pro  tetn.  devolved  on  Gen.  Boyd.     A  few  days  after,  information 
'"iwas  received  that  a  party  of  British,  Indians  and  militia,  bad  established  a 
kiost  sixteen  miles  from  Fort  George,  eight  miles  advanced  of  a  division  of 
Iheir  army,  from  whence  were  sent  plundering  parties  in  every  direction,  to 
jarass  and  rob  those  inhabitants  who  were  friendly  to  the  United  States  '^ 
0aA  where  a  dejtot  of  provisions  had  been  collected.     It  was  of  importance 
lihat  this  post  shoultl  be  broken  up  ;  aud  to  put  it  beyond  a  doubt,  that  a 
Ijiian  to  eifeut  it  should  succeed,  a  select  «orps  was  formed  of  560  picket! 
len  of  infantry,  a  detachment  of  Major  Chapin's  mounted  volunteers,  select' 
n1  because  tiicy  were  acquainted  with  the  country  ;  also  a  detachment  of 

trht  artillery,  with  one  12  and  one  6  pountler,  to  batter  down  the  stone 
ouse,  if  it  should  he  garrisoned  for  <t«fence. 
I  It  became  a  question  who  should  take  .the  orders  of  this  expedition,  af 
Ilk  number  of  Colonels  requested  the  command,  >\m\  among  others  was  Col.' 
iJjoerstler.  This  o'fficer  stood  in  the  highest  re|)ute  for  his  talents,  enter- 
t1|)ri#e  and  bravery.  To  liiin  it  was  assigned,  and  considered  a  most  eli^^ible 
lli'iioice.  After  this  arrangement  was  made.  General  Boyd,  with  Colonels* 
|l;cott,  Christie,  and  other  officers,  who  approved  the  measure,  ^vaited  on 
'|(ieneral  Dearborn,  and  aekod  his  opinion,  which  was  in  accordance  witb 
l^theirs. 

I  General  Boyd  gave  onlers  to  Colonel  Boerstler  to  march  at  dusk,  and 
/by  a  rapid  movement,  reach  the  object  of  the  enterprise  at  sunrise,  surround 
;^!the  house,  capture  the  party,  destroy  the  [>rovibiou8,  and  return  immediately 
;|to  camp. 

I  The  following  day,  24th  June,  between  eleven  and  twelve  o'clock,  an 
lexpress  arrived  from  Colonel  Boerstler,  with  information  that  he  was  at* 
stacked  withiotwo  or  three  miles  of  the  house,  had  fallen  back  into  an  open 


iV 


v 


=r'i»ji**  :/-■■-■.-■)  I 


J 


t\ 


«f 


fk^lil,  ami  there  vroold  defend  himseir  until  he  was  rainforeed.  6  en.  JioyH^ 
and  Colbnefs  Scott  and  Christie,  waited  on  Gen.  Dearborn,  and  stated  te 
him  these  facts.  Gen.  Dearborn  considered  this  such  an  extraordinary 
decision  of  Col.  Boerstler,  that  he  iufornaed  Gen.  Boyd  he  presumed,  after ; 
a  moment's  reflection,  Col.  Boerstler  would  either  fight  a  decisive  battle,  or 
make  a  rapid  retreat  until  he  met  the  reinforcement ;  for  Boerstler  well 
knew  the  enemy  was  not  half  the  distance  from  him  that  he  was  from  Fort : 
George,  and  could  be  reinforced  and  cut  him  off  before  it  was  possible  to 
send  him  relief.  General  Boyd,  however,  ordered  Colonel  Christie  with  a 
detachment  of  3  or  400  men  to  march  ;  who,  0{)Off  his  arrival  at  Queens* 
town,  sent  back  an  express  that  information  was  obtained,  that  at  one , 
•'clock  Col.  Boerstler  surrendered.  This  report  was  considered  to  be  im- 
possible by  all.  The  General  renewed  his  onier  to  piisb  on.  A  short  pe* 
riod  after,  a  second  express  arrived  from  Col.  Christie;  then  advanced  of 
Queenstown,  Stating  he  had  further  positive  information,  that  Boerstler  had 
surrendered  ;^  when  the  reinforcing  detachment  was  ordered  to  return.      ■ 

Genera':  Dearborn  was  censured  for  this  affair,  in  anonymous  letters 
published  in  the  National  Intelligencer,  fabricated  at  Wasliington,  or  by 
some  <A' the  corps  rf  espimnage  in  the  army.  The  unvarnished  fact  is,  that 
Gen.  Boyd  ordered  560  selected  men  to  destroy  a  post  f^nrrisoned  as  he 
was  informed,  by  not  more  than  180  British,  Indians  add  mililia.  It  was 
ftrr  this  public  ostensible  reason  Gen.  Dearborn  was  censured.  The  secret 
reason  is  known  to  the  late  Secret-^ry  of  War. 

The  troops  felt  themselves  disgraced  by  the  surrender  of  Boerstler, 
while  a  gloom  pervaded  the  army,  which  General  Dearborn  found  it  neces- 
sary to  dissipate  ;  and  his  health  improving,  he  the  next  morning  resumed 
the  command  of  the  army.  He  was  astonishei)  to  find,  that  such  was  the 
panic  occasioned  by  this  affair,  that  every  exertion  was  requisite  to  restore 
tranquillity  and  firmness  among  the  troops.  A  sentiment  had  gone  altroad 
thsMhe  arhiy  must  recross  the  Niagara,  and  abandon  the  Canadian  shore. 
He  immediately  assembled  the  field  officers,  stated  to  them  the  dangerous 
tendency  of  the  prevailing  gloom,  and  that  every  exertion  must  be  made  to 
animate  the  army  ;  that  they  were  capable  of  maintaining  their  position, 
and  he  never  would  consent  to  a  retrograde  movement.  The  officers  unan* 
imously  cloincided  with  him  in  opinion,  who  were  directed  to  disseminate 
this  determination  among  the  troops.  To  convince  them  of  the  unaltera- 
ble decision  of  the  General,  the  boats  were  all  ordered  to  the  American 
side  of  the  river,  and  to  restore  a  «v)nfidence  in  the  troops  of  the  strength 
of  theilr  position,  every  exertion  was  made  to  put  Fort  George  in  the  best 
possible  |)06ture  of  defence.  The  arrny  was  concentrated  tietvveen  Fort 
ileorge  and  the  viilnge  of  Newark,  and  orders  given  that  the  camp  should 
he  entrenched  by  throwing  up  woiks  to  cover  them  in  front  and  protect' 
the  flanks. 

The  General  at  this  perio<l  had  so  far  recovered  as  to  mark  out  the 
form  of  the  works,  which  were  thrown  up  in  twenty-four  hours.-  The  ene- 
my having  received  some  large  reinforcements,  was  emlH)idened  to  advance 
to  Twenty  Mile  Creek.  The  officers  perceiving  Gen.  Dearborn  recruiting ' 
from  a  fever  of  thirty-six  daj's  duration,  were  pleased  to  gee  him  reassiime 
the  command  in  person,  even  sooner  than  his  |>hy9icians  thought  prudent. 
A  few  nights  alter  the  army  whs  intrenched,  he  mounted  his  horse  on  an 
alarm,  at  a  lime  a  movement  of  the  enemy  indicated  he  intended  a  general 
attack,  rode  <lovvn  the  line,  and  as  he  piissed,  harangued  the  troops  that  vic- 
tory was  certain,  and  the  next  day  would  close  the  war  at  that  end  of  the 
lake.  The  unexpected  appearance  of  the  Commander  in  Chief  at  the  head 
of  the  army,  after  so  severe  a  sickness,  renewed  their  confidence  ;  while 
his  exhortations  to  them  to  conduct  like  Americam  who  are  never  beaten,' 
iaspired  them  with  animation. 


i/i«ary  insi 
Geueri 

As  I 
Ibrother-ii 
jwere  not 
Ito  the  D 
>ur,  wh 
iDearbori 
understo 
vould  tf 
Idence  i 
|Tice,  th 
In 
iiorefl^ 
Iwhich  h 
Sieve  to 
apabili 
Sng  shei 
pGeneral 
him  to] 
date  of 
sedb; 
led  by 
Ida  ted  b 
|lelligen 
from  G( 
land  thu 
|«umed, 


I. 


I.    6en.  HoyH, 
n,  and  stated  te 
I  extraordinary 
presumed,  after  j 
citive  battle,  or 
Boerstler  well 
was  from  Fort 
was  possible  to 
Christie  with  a 
/al  at  Queens- 
d,  that  at  one 
[lered  to  be  im- 
A  short  pe* 
en  advanced  of 
t  Boerstler  had 
to  return.      • 
)nymou8  letters 
siiington,  or  by 
lied  fact  is,  that 
Hrrisoned  as  he 
lililia.    ft  was 
d.    The  secret 


er  of  Boerstler, 
found  it  neces- 
)rniug  resumed 
t  such  was  the 
lisite  to  restore 
ad  gone  abroad 
anadian  shore. 
I  the  dangerous 
list  be  made  to 
their  position, 
e  officers  unan* 
to  disseminate 
f  the  unaitera* 
the  American 
the  strength 
ge  in  the  Mit 
Itetween  Fort 
e  camfi  should 
it  and  protect ' 

>  mark  out  the 
•9.-  The  ene- 
ed  to  advance 
orn  recruit idg 
nm  reassume 
wght  prudent. 
i  horse  on  an 
(led  a  general 
oops  that  vic- 
at  end  of  the 
?fat  the  head 
lence ;  while 
ever  beaten/ 


iO 

u  eneral  Dearborn,  Botwithstaiidiog  his  renewed  «xertioat  befoceliii 
Itrength  was  fully  reinstated,  hn<1  rapidly  recovered  his  health,  when  on  the 
l4th  of  July,  the  extraordinary  and  unexpected  order  to  retire  from  com- 
laud  was  received  from  the  Secretary  of  War. 

While  General  Dearlx>m  was  contined  to  his  quarters  at  Fort  Geoi^, 
severe  iuHis|K»ilion,  which  made  it  necessary  for  him  to  relinquish  the 
>mmand  of  the  army  for  a  few  days,  General  Lewis  made  a  communicatioa 
the  Secretary  of  War  relative  to  the  expedition  to  Stony  Creek,  in  liich 
ko  indelicately  alluded  to  Gen.  Dearborn,  and  observed  that  "  he  would  ncv- 
ir  he  fit  for  service  again."  Gen.  Dearborn  wrote  Gen.  Lewis  the  follow* 
letter,  as  soon  as  be  noticed  his,  in  the  National  Intelligencer. 

Niagara,  July  1th,  1813. 

Dear  Sir — Notwithstanding  your  gloomy  predictions,  in  your  official 

iport  to  the  Secretary  of  War  ;  whether  "  ra"  or  "  not,"  it  is  more  than 

n  days  since  I  reassumod  the  command  of  the  army,  and  the  0th  military 

iatrict  of  course.     Your  delicate  description  of  my  state  of  health  was  pe- 

liarly  calculated  for  soothing  the  minds  of  my  children  and  friends,  who 

ad  been  previously  informed  of  my  indisposition.    Your  motimfi  must  be 

t  known  to  yourself,  but  from  your  general  deportment  us  a  gentleman 

f  sensibility  and  |)olitene8s,  I  could  not  have  believed  you  capable  ci'  so 

Tar  deviating  from  your  usual  character. 

In  your  account  of  the  affair  at  Stony  Creek,  the  decided  and  positive 
ndemnation  of  th»  conduct  of  a  general  officer,  whose  situation  will  not 
dmit  of  his  vindica(ing  himself,  may  have  been  premature. 

I  should  not,  sir,  have  troubled  you  with  any  remarks  on  your  official 
port,  had  it  not  have  sentenced  me  to  death,  and  as  I  conceive,  without  a 
ust  cause  ;  and  in  a  manner  too,  not  the  most  delicate,  and  quite  unneces- 
sary in  such  a  report.  Your  obedient  servant,  &c. 

General  Lewis.  H.  DEARBORN. 


As  a  proof  of  the  motive,  which  induced  General  Lewis,  who  was  the 
brother-in-law  of  Armstrong,  to  write  the  letter,  and  that  his  predictions 
ivere  not  such  as  he  really  believed ;  a  few  days  after  the  date  of  his  letter 
to  the  Department  of  War,  while  at  Rome,  on  his  way  to  Sackett's  Har- 
bour, whither  he  had  been  ordered  by  General  Dearborn,  he  wrote  General 
Dearborn  a  letter,  urging  him  to  reasswne  the  command  if  lite  army,  as  he 
understood  General  Hampton  had  arrivefl  at  Albany,  and  was  fearful  he 
would  take  the  command  of  District  No.  0;  and  stated  that  he  had  nocon- 
idence  in  him,  and  conceived  it  highly  important  tor  the  good  of  the  ser- 
Tice,  that  General  Dearborn  should  immediately  reassinnc  his  command. 
^         In  his  reply  to  General  Dearborn's  letter,  he  stated  that  he  intended 
iio  reflation  on  liim,  and  '"■had  no  idea  the  letter  mould  have  been  publisJuu^ 
which  he  wrote  to  Armstrong ;    thus  clearly  shewing,  that  he  did  not  be- 
ieve  to  be  true,  what  he  stated  in  relation  to  General  Dearborn's  health,  or 
pability  to  commatul ;  but  that  it  was  to  be  made  use  of  privately,  by  be- 
ng  shewn  to  the  President  to  injure  General  Dearborn ;  for  if  he  believed 
General  Dearborn  would  never  "  be  ft  for  service  again"  why  did  he  urge 
^liim  to  reassume  the  command  of  the  army,  within  five  or  six  days  after  the 
;^4late  of  the  letter  to  Armstrong  ?   His  equivocation  and  meanness  were  ex- 
|J|»o8ed  by  the  publication  of  his  letter,  which  no  doiibt  had  the  etfect  inten- 
ded by  Armstrong ;  for  the  ortler  for  the  removal  of  General  Dearborn  was 
f  dated  but  a  few  days  after  I^ewis's  communication  was  published  in  the  In- 
v;"telligencer;  notwithstanding  the  Secretary  hnid  previously  received  a  letter 
'^jfrom  General  Dearborn,  informing  him  of  the  rapid  recovery  of  his  health, 
^and  that  he  had  reassunud  the  coimnand  of  the  anny,  which  letter,  it  is  pre- 
^«umed,  he  did  not  shew  to  the  Trcsideut,  but  ordered  his  inuueUiate  removal, 
•f         ■ 


\i 


\M 


h«- 


V  r 


V 


boru'8  recall"  Lii.f/r^  i\name  reason  to  DrEifnrf '"''"'  ••^««" 

Dearborn's  disoMie^ceJfl^f*"'""  ^y  Ailnstron.  the  S^^ '''''''' 
circumstance  of  l^«  «/yli  rt®"'  ^^««  e'wlwvored  £  Lo      ?  •^'^  ^'^n^'"' 

*he  capture  ol'  Vorif  i      7-  J''®  '°™er  to  Concresfl   «h!      "^"'^on^  con- 
tioned:  ""'  "*  ^'"'^^  ^  ^'"ch  that  '"ove.ne^u;:;^;,^';^^'*';^^^^^^^^^^^ 

M'U»r-Ge„er.I  H.  D«.'.„„,       ,  :        'OH.*  AUMsmw Jr^'" 

^    ■       ,■■"';■        ."        «KWIMT,  ORDER!!.    ^^'^--*"*'*»<- * 

ihcr  ortkrs,  the  cnlJ^    \  ^  '^^^'^^ 'f'ail  be  re.cs,Af7j    I  ^'^ /•'f"-«  <>om 

«eoera,  BoV^  "■"•"-" -^  '-e.™,  wm  a^  ^i:*  *  ,-'„™^«  >■■ 

.  ^J  embrace  this  occasmn  r  ""■«»"  «risi«li. 


(* 


to  l«v.  ih,  army  aUhK  °"°  ''*""S'-  ""  eo,i,i,  ™  Jl'""^  f  ^^    ^'''n' 
...  ,        ^'  ""'  '"*«"'«!  to  tJenerai  UeXl         """■'■'  ""• 

^^  arc  iar  from  prcMin  m       •  "^  ™  PecUuJljr  (o    address  you 

When  armouncod    but  V,     .  .^'  *""'  *°  '"fprforf  ^^iih  ,„  "^ 

<*rrna,.ce  with  us  is  TZ  2r  .  •'  '"^"^  '^•^^'--'-r.rio^  ,  "'  ?'^'^""«'«'^n«s^f  ,|i  «,„J^'J 

-^/^  to  the  ,ood  of  thj':^;:' :-p-^^-e,  '^^  ''•"^^-"  K«;'^s;;:s^r 


co: 
to 
wh 
cer 

IliO 

«fft 
wilj 

iiiei 

ansj 

<itj(i 

J-ou 

colli 

our; 

«li)l 

fcuch 

go,  t 

for  y 

tliet 

ofth 

your 
bliedi 

-f-  '■' 


^  t 


coiiti( 
8urat( 
isuov 
thed( 
■  _] 
cessih 
a»8ur< 
portm 
8Cenei 
yoiir  I 
bra\e 


I  tlie  following  sketdi 
Wilkiaaon  aod  Arm. 

'enml  WUkinJion  on 
y  he  coulU  prevail  on 
the  recall  of  GeneN 
t  the  anme  time,  that 
ral  Dearliorii's  recall 
III  for  General  I)ea^  L 
he  cara;(aijjn,  which 
the  fact  of  General 
be  sustained  by  the 
»,  fft  he  wan  ordered. 
I  to  18  uiifoundeil,  m 
leral  Dearlroru,  con- 
he  next  winter  after | 
•ved  and  was  aauc- 

U  eth  Jul%},  n\X     I 

m  his  decision,  that 

tie  troo|«  within  the 

ler  onlers. 

',  yonr  moat  ohedi. 

^UMSTRONG. 


<?,  ./i//y  15,  1813. 
^«r,  to  rt'fire  from 
md,  and  until  fur- 
evolve  on  iirijrado 

y  and  most  anient 
'  had  the  honor  of 
)f  their  country,  I 
r  whose  fame'and 
J  absent,  the  con- 
era  and  men,  will 
lire  glory.  Were 
would  induce  me 
V  f/  a  soldier  is 

District  No.  9. 

)romulfrdted,  flie 
the  army,  sta* 

•^w^y  15,  ini3. 

J  who  hare  prrvp.J 
•hat  it  is  your  in- 
to   address  you 

>hi\f  hy  niifhority 
tif  lliiuHiniy  ari? 
ynnr  lonirer  <:ctn. 

:0lutc)vj?u//Vy«,/. 


if 


*hn«^?  f  -°^"'  *  '"'»*'^«  cou»trr  aad  in  tbc  immadlat*  noifht»rbo«<J  of 
?21  '  .  ?*'"^ '  "»  «»«'"y»  wh«»e  rtrenKtli  i»  <liiily  wcruited  by  U.«i «. 
iiiiorcenitiiu     i„  our  own  numbcn  too  we  have  iU-englli  uud  coiitWuncw  \ 


:  a  foimttai^ 

;  itrdvJ  of  ro- 

our  iMMilioii 


■nnn  ivT  "'^  dosen  for  deftnce,  and  the  nioment  for  itdrauoing  u|)on  tliv  ««bniy  iimy 
Boon  oe  expected  to  come.  But  to  operate  with  sucoeM  it  b  ntctmktj  Uiat  w«  vliouid 
nave  our  coiuplement  of  o/ncer«.  But  two  gtneraU  mow  ramiiin,  whenstot  our  ouiwbeiw 
would  give  fiUI  employin«nt  for  three.  If  yo^  t»o,  unfortuoi«t«ly  ibouM  be  laken  from 
w,  ;at  such  a  period  as  the  present)  the  deficiencies  cannot  b«i  khmi  DUppliod,  imd  in 
mean  lime  the:  enemy  and  tlie  ptriod  for  the  renewal  of  oiieratioiu  are  «t  band. 

Sir,  ite  are  fur  from  dittrusting  our  own  ability  to  executa  the  coiuuiiMion«  with 
which  we  have  respectively  l)een  hnnor«d,  by  our  govematent,  and  have  no  denigrt  of 
converting  this  addresH,  into  one,  of  mer«  personal  adulation.     We  know  your  avenenea* 
to  flattery,  and  us  soldiers  we  are  unaccustomed  to  Hatter.     But  tlie  circumstances  under 
which  we  address  yoii,  oblige  us  to  say,  that  tiie  kn«Dvledge  We  possess  of  y(»ur nuiiieriiUK 
•ervices  arid  merits,  in  the  ardent  struggles  of  our  glorious  revolutiori«~uoi  to  speak  <»f 
more  recent  events,  in  H#ch  we  might  be  supposed  to  leel  too  wuriuiy  as  pftrtici|iatoi%-^ 
lias  given  vtl  an  infinitely  higher  confidence  in  your  ability  to  command,  with  energy  and 
effect,  tlian  we  can  possibly  feel  individually,  in  ourselves,  or  generally  iu  those  who 
^lU  be  placed  in  stations  of  inci^asiug  responsibility,  by  yoiir  withdrawal  from  this  army. 
As  soldiers,  we  trust  we  siiali  be  found  equal  to  our  diitica  in  any  event ;  but  assol- 
«iers  and  lovers  of  our  counti-y  we  wish  to  perform  those  duties  iiiitlur  tlic  most  f;ivorubJe 
«iisjiice.s ;— Therefort:  We  rlo  most  earnestly  entreat  you  to  ]>«sl|iune  the  resolutio.i  we 
nuderstaud  you  to  have  taken,  and  tocontiniie  in  the  ex<Tcisu  of  that  comm<trid,  wliieh 
you  have  already  holdeii  with  honor  to  yourself  and  country,  and  with  what  Is  of  leos 
consequence,  the  approbation  of  tliose  who  nbw  addnss  you. — \i\  however,  contrary  to 
our  ardent  wishes^  and  contrary  to  what  appear  tlie  ckigeiiciiis  of  thi*  army,  vou  should 
atill  feel  yourself  bound  from  any  cause  whatever^  to  withdraw  (toni  (Ins  iroutier ;  ui 
such  event,  we  have  to  beg  that  you  will  please  to  bear  with  you,  wiiith<'rsoev(.-r  you  may 
go,  the  recollection  of  bur  gitat  veheratloh  for  ydUr  revolutionary  services :  our  respect 
for  your  political  constancy  and  virtue ;  ahd  the  high  sense  we  unanimously  entertain  of 
the  benefits  your  country  has  already  received,  at  your  hands,  since  Uiu  couimeiicemcnt 
of  the  present  war. 

With  these  sentiments,  and  the  best  wishes  for  the  speedy  and  perfect  restoration  of 
your  he.-Jth,  we  have  the  houor  to  be,  witli  tlie  highest  gratitutie  auJ  respect,  ^our  most 
obedient  servants, 

J.  P.  BOYD,  Brigwlier  General, 
M.  PORTER,    Col.  Light  Arlil. 
JAMES  BURN,  Col.  2d  Regt.  Drag. 
II.  ntlADY,  Colonel  22d  luft. 
C.  PEARCE,  Colonel  161h  Inft. 
.TAMKS  MILLER,  Col.  6(h  Inft. 
IV.  SCOTT,  Col  and  Adj.  Gen. 
£,  BEEBE,  Assistant  Adj.  Gen. 
II.  V.  MILTON,  Lt.  Col.  8tii  Inft. 
^  J.  CHRYS'FIE^  Col.  22d  Inft. 

I.  P.  PRESTON,  LtiCol.  I2th  Inf.  com, 
i.  L.  SMITH,  Lt.  Col.  24th  Inft. 
G.  P.  MITCHELL,  Lt  Col.  3d  Artil. 


•?'<■    v,&> 


A.  EUSTIfl,  Miyor  Light  Artll.     '? 
r.  A.  PO;?CV,  Ma«.r  &tli  Inft. 

J.  H.  HUYICK,Major  Y.iih  Inft.  ) 
N.  PINKEY,  Major  ,>th  Uegt.       ,. 
R.  LUCAS,  Major  2:Jd  hill. 
J.  VVdOOFOaLi,  AI«i,  2.1.  reg.  Drag. 
J.  JOUNSfJ.V,  Major  21st  Inft, 
W.  CUMMINO,  Major  mh  Inft. 
J.  E.  WOOL,  Major  Infantry, 
W.  MOH.'MVj  Major  I2«blnll. 

B.  FOilbyi'H,  Major  Kille  K<gt. 
A.  M.  MALCOMB,  Miijur  IwU  lul'. 


,n«»  >wo 


,  ,1    General  Deaiborn^s  reply  io  the  foregoing  aditre«s :  ^  '^" 

(JF.JfTiiEMEN — It  is  with  scnliments  of  grateful  feeling,  and  Ihe  Ilvc!!r8t 
satisfaction,  that  I  have  oiiserved  your  expressions  of  perwMial  friendship  and 
coniidehce.  I  regret  that  my  ability  to  serve  my  country  is  nut  coninn  n- 
surate  with  the  devotion  and  zeal  i  have  ever  felt,  fur  the  uauMc  in  whlcit  it 
is  now  so  honorably  engaged :  a  cause,  on  which  our  uatioual  ohuracttr,  unit 
the  dearest  rights  of  individuals  are  slaked. 

By  referring  to  the  general  order  of  this  date,  you  will  |»erceive  (he  m- 
ccssiljf  of  my  retiring  from  the  command  of  the  army  on  ttiii  frouiur.  iin 
assured,  gentlemen,  that  a  recolleclion  of  the  patiencto  and  wildi*-/  like  de- 
portment of  yourselves,  and  the  ollicers  and  men  under  your  comijiantl,  in 
scenes  of  privation  and  suffering ;  your  reaiulurity  and  <Ji3ciplii»e  iu  camp  ,— 
your  cool  intrepiility  in  the  hour  of  threateniiif;  and  danger  ?  and  or«l«r  and 
bra\  erv  iu  action,  will  be  arr.cn;  my  most  pltubiug  n;m<trr.:,s'ai»ctis  Uiroujjli- 


\ 


'/< 


1ft 


) 


\. 


H 


'f 


\ 


«ut  life :  and  1  look  forwarcl  with  confidence,  to  the  future  glory  of  the  wit- 
fUers,  who  conquered  at  York  and  Newark. 

Be  pleased,  gentlemen,  to  accept  my  warmest  wishes  for  your  health 
and  happiness,  and  may  your  arduous  and  lionorable  services  be  dub/  appr^ 
aiated  by  your  government,  and  a  grateful  country. 

1  have  the  honor  to  be,  &e.  &c.  H.  DEARBORN. 

General  Dearborn  having  determined  to  leave  Fort  George  at  three 
o'clock,  all  the  officers  waited  on  him  at  two,  and  each  shaking  him  by  the 
hand  took  an  ailiectionate  leave ;  then  accompanied  him  to  the  bank  of  the 
Niagara,  where  he  emharknl  to  cross  the  river.  The  military  band  placed 
in  Brock's  Bastion,  paid  apprBpriate  honors  to  their  departing  General,  and 
a  salute  was  fired  from  the  ramparts  ef  the  fort. 

A  troop  of  horse  received  him  on  the  opposite  shore,  and  escorted  hioi 
beyond  Lewis's  Tower. 

As  soon  as  he  reached  Utica,  he  sent  the  following  letter  to  the  Presi* 
dent  of  the  United  States. 

Uticay  Juh/ 24, 1^13. 
The  President  of  the  United  States. 

Sib — From  the  unequivocal  and  positive  order  received  from  the  S>ee- 
tetary  of  War,  (a  copy  of  which  I  take  the  liberty  of  enclosing;)  I  had  no 
option,  but  implicit  oliedience,  and  I  retired  within  twenty  hours  after  the 
receipt  of  that  order.  My  health  had  ao  much  improved  as  to  enable  me  to 
reassiime  the  command  of  the  troops  on  the  16th  of  June,  of  which  1  had 
informed  the  Secretary  of  War.  By  a  letter  from  the  War  Department  of 
the  27th  of  May,  I  was  informed  that  Miyor  General  Hampton  would  set 
out  the  next  day  for  this  army.  I  anxiously  expected  bis  arrival  by  the 
18th  er  20th  of  June,  but  by  a  letter  dated  the  30lh  of  June,  the  Secretary 
•of  War  gave  me  the  first  notice  of  the  formation  of  an  army  in  Vermont/ 
and  of  the  destination  of  General  Hampton  and  Parker  to  that  army. 

From  the  daily  expectation  of  the  arrival  of  General  Hampton,  Major 
General  Lewis  was  directed  to  proceed  to  Sackett's  Harbor,  to  take  com- 
mand of  the  troops  assembled  anil  assembling  at  that  place. 

As  I  was  suspended  from  all  command,  I  shall  retire  to  my  family,  near 
Boston. 

I  shall  never  complain  of  being  so  disposed  of,  as  the  good  of  the  ser- 
Tice  may  require,  but  the  manner  of  performing  an  act,  gives  a  character  to 
the  act  itself,  and  cotisidering  the  particular  tncmner  and  time  or  my  remo- 
val from  command,  I  trust  it  will  not  be  deemed  improper  to  afibrd  me  the 
satisfaction  of  an  enquiry,  for  investigating  any  parts  of  my  conduct,  that 
may  have  been  deemed  improper,  and  on  which  my  suspension  from  com- 
mand,  may  have  been  predicated. 

1  have  the  honor  of  being,  with  the  highest  respect.  Sir,  your  obedient, 
humble  servant,  H.  DEARBORN. 

A  few  days  after  he  reached  his  seat  in  Boxbury,  he  received  the  tubjoined  ao-] 
swer  from  the  President. 

Washington,  August  8,  1813. 
Dear  Sia — I  have  received  yours  of  the  24th  July.    As  my  esteem! 
and  regard  have  undergone  no  change,  I  wish  you  to  be  apprised  that  suoh| 
was  the  state  of  things,  and  such  the  turn  they  were  taking,  that  the  retir 
ment  which  is  the  subject  of  your  letter,  was  pressed  by  your  best  persona^ 
friends.'"'    It  was  my  purpose  to  have  written  to  you  on  the  occasion,  but 
it  was  made  impossible  by  a  severe  illness,  from  which  I  am  now  barelj 
enough  recovered  for  a  journey  to  the  mountains,  prescribed  by  my  phy-i 
«iciana  ai  indispensable.    It  would  have  been  entirely  agreeable  to  me,l 


S«e  concluding  remarks 


I" 


The 


,r 


7  of  th«  lol- 

your  health 
«  dub/  appre- 

RBORN. 

rge  at  three 

I  him  by  the 

bnnk  of  the 

band  placed 

General,  and 

escorted  him 

to  the  Presi' 

/24,  1813. 

from  the  See- 
ling) I  had  no 
ours  after  the 
I  enable  me  to 
f  which  1  had 
)e|iartment  of 
'ton  would  set 
irrival  by  the 
the  Secretary 
r  in  Vermont/ 
:  army. 

unptoD,  Major 
,  to  take  com- 

ly  family,  near 

ood  or  the  8er> 
a  character  to 
le  of  my  remo- 
» afford  me  the 
conduct,  that 
sion  from  com* 

your  obedient,  j 
lARBORN. 

be  subjoined  an-] 

■usl  8,  1813. 
As  my  esteeml 
■ised  that  snchl 
that  the  retire- 
ir  best  persona^ 
;  occasion,  but 
im  now  barel] 
I  by  ray  phy-l 
eeable  to  me,l 


if  w  I  took  for  granted  was  to  be  '  hf  case,  yon  had  evecHted  your  origliMil 
intentiun,  of  providing  for  your  lieauu,  by  exchanging  the  sickliness  eT  Ni< 
agara  fbr  some  eligible  spot,  and  I  sincerely  lament,  every  pain  to  which 
you  have  been  subsequently  exposed,  from  whatever  rircuiMtanee  it  has 
proceeded.  How  far  the  investigation  you  refer  to  would  be  regular,  I 
ftm  not  prepared  to  say.  You  have  seen  the  motion  in  the  House  of  Rep. 
resentatives,  comprehending  suoh  an  object,  and  the  prospect  held  out  of 
resuming  the  subject  at  anotlier  session.  I  am  iiersuaded  that  you  will  not 
lose  in  any  respect  by  the  effect  of  time  and  truth. 

Accept  my  respects  and  best  wbhes.  JAMES  MADISON. 

Major  G^n.  DEABDoaw. 


it 


3  >T  ')     •!.>  H\ 


.« 


»         Csnertl  Peerboro'i  Reply  to  the  Prctldcnt  of  the  United  States. 

Roxbur^yAugttstn,\S\3^ 
The  President  of  the  United  States. 

SiK — 1  have  been  honored  with  your  letter  of  the  8th  inst.  It  Is  pecu- 
liarly gratifying  in  my  present  situation  to  be  assured  that  your  esteem  arid 
regard  had  undergone  no  change,  and  that  you  are  persuaded  that  I  shall 
not  lose  in  any  respect  "  by  the  effect  of  time  or  truth  C*  but  at  my  time  of 
life,  it  could  hardly  be  ex[iected  that  I  should  quietly  acquiesce  in  so  unusual 
and  so  unprecedented  a  measure,  as  that  of  being  removed  from  commami 
in  the  manner  I  have  been.  From  the  peculiar  tenor  of  the  order,  the 
measure  cannot  be  viewed  in  any  other  light  than  as  the  result  of  an  opinion 
that  I  had  been  guilty  of  such  misconduct  as  to  render  my  removal  nece88a< 
ry.  To  suspend  an  officer  of  my  grade  and  situation  in  command,  except 
by  the  sentence  of  a  court  martial,  or  the  opinion  of  a  court  of  enquiry,  is 
such  a  strong  measure,  as  on  general  received  principles,  coukl  only  be  jus- 
tified by  the  most  unequivocal  and  outrageous  misconduct  of  the  officer ;  and 
I  cannot  permit  myself  to  doubt  but  that  on  reflection,  it  will  be  considered 
proper  to  afford  me  a  hearing  before  a  suitable  military  tribunal,  previous  to 
my  being  again  ordered  on  duty. 

I  find  it  is  pretended  that  my  suspension  from  commami  was  merely  to 
comply  with  my  re|ieated  requests  for  being  allowed  to  retire,  for  the  recov- 
ery of  my  health,  but  every  one  acquainted  with  the  facts,  and  with  the  pe- 
culiar expressions  made  use  of  in  the  order,  will  readily  perceive  that  such 
pretence  is  unfoimded. 

In  the  order  I  complain  of,  it  being  explicitly  expressed,  that  it  came 
directly  from  the  President  of  the  United  States,  will,  I  liope,  be  admitted 
as  an  apology  for  my  having  addressed  my  observations  directly  ta,yourself. 
I  shall  rely  with  the  Tullest  confidence,  Sir,  on  your  justice,  tor  such  fair  and 
honorable  proceedings,  as  my  situation  demands. 

That  your  health  be  speedily  re-established  is,  Sir,  the  sincere  prayer  of 
your  most  obedient,  humble  servant,  H.  DEARBORN. 

Notwitliitanding  General  Dearborn  had  requested  not  to  he  ordered  on  doty  until 
bis  military  conduct  had  been  investigated  by  a  competent  military  tribunal,  a  di^rent 
cuurfie  was  pursued  by  the  President. 

The  latter  part  of  August,  Col.  S.  S.  Conner,  one  of  General  Dearborn's  Aids,  re- 
questvd  that  he  might  be  permitted  to  join  his  i-egiment  on  the  froiitien,  where  he 
could  be  actually  employed.  On  his  arrival  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  he  waited  on  Gen. 
Armstrong,  and  stated  the  object  of  his  return  to  the  army.  General  Armstrong  in- 
formed bim,  he  bad  just  received  the  directions  of  the  President  to  order  General  Dear- 
born to  assume  the  command  of  District  No.  S,  as  it  was  expected  the  British  contcm- 
tlated  an  attack  on  New  York,  and  advised  him  to  return  immediately  to  Gen.  Dear* 
urn.    In  a  few  days  after,  the  annexed  order  was  received  by  Gen.  Dearborn. 

'      "  ..^  War  neparlmmt,Saekeirt  Harbor,  nih Sept. iHS. 

Sir— The  t'nemy's  Squadron  having  left  the  Chesapeake,  and  a  belief  existing?, 
that  thny  mean  to  shape  their  roeirce  northwardly,  and  peiliaps  with  a  view  V.>  iSew» 


Ifork',  yAti  Wilt  be  pteiiw(f,  ini  Kcelpt  ticreof,  to  i^ir  to  that  p«9t,  M^  taktf  o'l  yoiir* 
wir  the  commHiid  of  Oiitrict  No.  S.     .  •'  i. 

1  ant  Kir,  vt ry  nMpectrollr,  your  iMit  obadiMit  and  v«ry  linmblf  lervant. 
Major  OfM.  l>KA»aoitN,  BuRton.  JOHN  AHMMTRONC. 

I  Genera]  Dearborn  thnn|;ht  it  ferr  extraonlinnry,  that  he  slionld  be  ci^Ued  iato  ter- 
vipe,  before  the  subject  of  his  removal  fWiin  Fort  Geor^  hnd  been  inventigated.,  Tl)at 
Iiit  reputation  hnd  yen  iinjustlj  ru/Tered  rrom  that  fveht,  he  was  well  latis/led,  anil 
<:nnceiving  that  the  public  might  entertain  i entimcnts  advene  tb  his  character  as  an  ef- 
lioer,  if  he  »ha»M  agliin  go  into  service,  without  an  opportunity  of  publicly  vindicating 
himself,  doubted  the  nropriety  of  •obeying  the  order,  nnd  had  it  iu  contenipJatiun  to  rc- 
nigli  iminediately,  but  on  mature  delibecHtioa,  he  ooncluded'to  proceed  to  New- York, 
as  the  very  circumstance  Of  his  being  ordered  to  an  honorable  compsand,  was  a  nubliu 
acknowledgment,  on  the  part  of  the  executive,  timt  his  reputation  bad  riot  sutTered,  and 
particula|-ly  when  the  reasons  assigned  lor  t|ie  order,  were  such,  as  eyiiiccd  po  loss  of 
Ronfulence  in  liim,  by  the, President;  besides,  if  he  resigned,  he  would  be  forever  pre- 
dud*-'d  from  having  an  opportunity  te  defend  himself  before  n  ntilitury  tribunitl,  wliicit 
he  sanguiHcly  anticipated  ;  and  for  which,  on  his  arrival  at  New-York,  he  reiterated  liis 
request. 

'  >  After  the. disgraceful  close  of  the  campaign  of  131.1,  he  bad  an  interview  with  Ccn. 
Armstrong,  nt  NewkYofk,  as  he  passed  through  that  city  from  the  frontier  for  ^'at>hing- 
ton,  and  urged  that  ^  court  should  be  imratdiutely  orgunited,  as  during  the  winter  a 
»u(licient  number  of  gciiertil  officers  could  be  spared  from  their  command  for  that  ser- 
,Vice.  General  Armstrong  endeavored  to  distiuadu  him  from  such  a  measure,  and  as- 
'  fitt^  him  no  blame  was  attached  to  him,  and  that  his  whole  conduct  met  tlic  appn^ba- 
'tuiil'ofthe  government ;  that  a  court  was  not  in  the  leajst  necessary,  for  there  were  no 
cnergos  to  preCer  against  him.  General  Oeatbom  obsr.|rved,  whatever  might  be  (he  sen- 
tiuittnls  of  the  national  executive,  it  was  notorious,  his  reputation  siiflercd,  in  public  es- 
timation ;  as  the  corrc^pondeqctt  which  bad  passed  on  tlie  subject,  could  not  be  laid 
before  the  public,  in  a  manner  whfch  comported  with  his  feeling's  as  an  oillccr,  nor  wai 
the  favorable  opinion  entertained  by  the  government  knowh  to  the  world,  and  there  was 
no  \»'ay  of  doing  him  umple  justice,  but  by  the  promulgation  of  tlie  decision  of  a  com- 
netenf  Court,  tvbich  would  be  as  notorious  as  the  fact  of  his  unprecedented  reaioval.— r 
It  was  an  act  of  justice  due  to  him,  and  he  owed  it  to  himself,  children,  friends,  and  the 
people  of  the  United  States,  to  demand  as  a  right,  a  Court  of  Iqguiry,  and  which  he 
sheuld  never  cease  to  urge. 

While  m  Albany,  during  the  winter  of  1013—14,  findin,^  that  bis  request  had  not 
been  granted,  he  wrote  tlie  following  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

t^lbany,  January  2, 1814. 
'  Sin— In  my  letter  to  you  a  few  days  after  I  received  your  order  to  retire  from  com- 
mand^ I  expressed  a  wish  that  1  might  l>e  allowed  a  court  of  inquiry,  and  1  also  com- 
municated a  similar  <lesire  to  the  President  of  the  Upited  States.  I  waited  for  the  re- 
turn of  the'Prefident  and  Secretary  of  War,  to  the  scat  of  government,  as  a  convenient 
time  for  buying  my  application  attended  to.  I  had  hoped  that  I  should  be  favored 
with  a  hearing  before  a  suitable  ceart,  without  any  more  direct  application  on  my  part ; 
hut  having  received  n<^  intimation  to  that  effect.  I  consider  it  necessary  to  state  explic- 
itly, and  request  that  as  soon  as  I  am  relieved  from  the  tour  of  duty*  I  am  now  about 
commencing,  1  upay  be  indulged  with  a  hearing,  before  such  a  court  a*  may  be  deemed 
proper.  ^ 

From  your  own  remarks,  and  from  common  report,  it  appears  that  some  general 
disapprobation  bad  been  excited  against  my  conduct  as  commander  of  the  army  in  the 
ytii  l)istrict,  and  particulRrly  on  account  ef  the  disaf^tcr  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  Iloerstler 
nod  the  detachment  under  his  oom^pand :  and  for  having  been  guilty  of  disobedieuce  of 
orders.  It  must  be  evident  from  the  extraordinary  manner  of  my  being  suspended  from 
command,  that  strong  impressions  had  been  ma:de  on  the  mind  of  the  President,  to  my 
prejudice,  previous  to  ]iis  giving  explicit  directipns  for  that  measure,  a$  expressed  in  the 
order  for  my  removal,  U  is  thereiore  evidently  necessary,  that  a  fair  and  imparlial  iii- 
vc.«tigation  should  be  had;  not  only  as  an  act  of  common  justice  du^  to  myself,  but  for 
ttflbrding  such  informfition  and  satisfaction  to  the  j)ublic,'a8  ought  t>ot  to  be  withheld. 
J  tl;erefore  do  most  earnestly  request  that  a  court  of  inquiry  be  ordered  for  the  invcstigu' 
lion  of  my  conduct  generally,  while  commanding  the  9tli  Military  District ;  and  particu- 
Jarly  in  relation  to  such  parts  thereof,  as  the  President  of  the  United  Stales  may  have 
(let  Hied  iusproper;  and  I  must  lake  tlie  liberty  of  requesting  that  I  may  not  be  ordered 
oa  ixi)'  coniiijuiul  until  I  shall  have  been  indulged  with  such  an  iiivestigation. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  &o.  II.  DEARBORN. 

Uou.  Jcn.v  Armsthosg,  Secretary  at  War. 

♦•  As  rrcfciilent  of  (he  Coin-t  ?.I;i.rtial  for  the  tilal  of  General  Hull,    •    !  •-   .!' 


Tbe  >evt  i 
State,  and  desii 
tubjoinerf  atuw 

Dbar  Sin 
io  a  subject  wli 


jrope, 


with  the 


juy  apology. 

You  say  t) 
any  imputation 
;unnd  on  the  lii 
perfectly  well  ( 
it  may  be  done 
My  own  i( 
opinion  has  aln 
You  may 
whether  your  h 
Prcsiilenrs  con 
to  your  honor  ( 
disposition  towi 
est  confidence 
mand,  diminish 
ine  the  very  ac 
impaired. 

In  such  a 
The  fitness  of  j 
be  (latixlied,  be 
their  merits,  ho 
fiid,  gained  you 
of  season  and  e 
reproach  and  c 
Kam,  faoweve 
sideration,  yoi 
done  under  in 
plate,  it  may  \ 
in  view,  I  beg 
me  sincere  pie 
Always  n 
your  lady,  in 
•ur  families,  a 
usure  her  of  < 
.       Witli  grc 
;VIajor-Gener; 

After  Mr 
nibject  of  a 
[from  which  f 
ftre  held  in 


Dear 
onld  have 
ak£n  my  att 
This  ev 
lighly  favon 
iniuie.  Our 
itie  contest, 
atified,  beir 
I  am  Bit 
werset  the 
iito  the  tie! 
ermoiit,  ai 
tnnsylvan 
loveiiieiit ' 
any  other 
m  it  by  j 
I  requi 


|«  OB  yoar* 

..  --.Li 

TBokd. 

1  into  ler* 
led.  Tljftt 
lUtfled,  and 
ler  aa  an  «r- 
IrindicBting 
Ittiun  to  re- 

»Jew-York, 
VOB  a  public 
IfTered,  and 
f\o  losn  of 

brevcr  prc- 
liniil,  wliicli 
|:iterut«d  liis 

with  (Jen. 
)r  \^'af>hing- 
he  winter  a 
or  that  ser* 
re,  and  as- 
he  nppn^ba- 
ire  were  no 
.  be  the  sen- 

0  public  e8- 
not  be  laid 

:cr,  nor  wa» 
id  there  waa 
m  of  a  CQu- 
renioval.—r 
adf,  and  the 
id  which  he.  > 

lest  had  not 

/  2, 1814. 
B  from  coin< 

1  ali<o  com- 
for  the  re- 
convenient 

1  be  favored 
«  my  part ; 
itatc  eixplic- 
now  about 
be  deemed 

)n)e  general 
irmy  in  the 
el  Hoentler 
bedieuce  of 
ended  from 
Ifnt,  to  my 
med  in  the 
uparlial  in- 
celf,  but  for 
e  withheld, 
e  invcstigU' 
nd  particu- 
niay  have 
be  ordered 

IBORX. 


,         •♦   ,- ..^ 

The  Belt  tpria^,  In''  ng  bil  dtnaad  wai  atin  irarAd,  ke  wnt»  to  tke  SeoNtarj  af 
ftatc.  and  deiired  bun  to  lay  (b«  mbject  agaiu  before  th«  preiidout,  who  rotumed  the 
subjoined  aiuwcr. 

Wathingtm.  Junt  15, 1814. 

DcAK  Sir— I  ought  to  have  annrared  joar  letter  raoner,  etpccialiy  aa  itii  related 
io  a  mbject  wliich  I  find  deeply  intereiti  you.  The  late  extraordinary  events  in  Ku- 
rope,  with  the  duties  impoaed  ou  me  by  tlie  anifal  of  the  Olivier,  will,  i  hope,  plead 
jujr  apology. 

You  i>My  that  you  ought  to  have  an  inquiry  into  your  eondnot,  to  juatify  you  againat 
any  imputation  ariaing  from  the  term*  of  the  order  which  witlidrew  you  from  the  com- 
,mnnd  ou  the  lii^ea,  )  havA  coamumieated  your  impreitaioua  to  tlie  I'reiident,  who  ia 
perfectly  well  diapoied  to  a/Tord  you  the  opportunity  which  Jfott  dfwire,  at «  time  when 
it  may  be  done  without  injury  to  ttte  aervice. 

5ly  own  idea  i»,  that  you  require  no  vindication  in  the  eaae  alluded  to ;  that  publi« 
opinion  haa  alnady  done  you  ju»tjce. 

You  may  recollect  tiiat  you  h^d  b>ien  infirm,  and  had  even  intimated  a  donhC 

whether  your  health  would  permit  you  to  retain  the  command  of  the  troop*.    Of  the 

I'residenf  a  confctant  fritndahip  for  you,  aiid  attention  to  every  circumstance  interesting 

to  your  honor  and  fcelinga,  I  can  apeak  with  the  ptmoat  conlidence,  aa  I  can  that  this 

.  Uispusitiou  towards  you  haa  undergone  no  cbaiige,     1  am  aatiafied  that  he  had  the  high* 

I  est  confidence  in  your  integrity,  attachment  to  free  government  and  abjl  ity  to  com* 

I  mand,  diminished  ouly  by  the  infirmity  alluded  to,  which  had  more  weight,  conaider- 

inc  the  very  active  aervice  imposed  on  you  at  your  time  of  life.    That  coiMiiience  is  un* 

impaired. 

Ill  ruch  a  movement  aa  that  in  which  we  are  en^m^d  every  thing  ia  experimental. 
The  fitness  of  men  for  statioiii*  \»  equally  *o.     In  my  opinion  yoM  have  much  reason  to 
'be  i'atixfied,  because  the  door  has  been  opened  to  olheri,  who,  whatever  niay  have  been 
their  merits,  have  not  placed  you  in  an  unfavorable  light  before  our  country.     What  you 
><id,  gained  you  credit.    Had  you  been  continued  on  the  frontiera,  exposed  to  the  change 
of  season  and  extraordinary  fatigues  of  the  campaign,  and  sunk  under  them  by  ill  healtfi, 
Ircproach  and  censure  might  have  fallen  heavily  on  you,  as  well  aa  on  the  government. 
mlyun,  however,  far  from  dirtiiiading  you  from  taking  any  course,  which,  on  great  con* 
aidcration,  you  find  essential  to  your  honor  or  happiuess.     I  only  wish,  that  it  be  not 
done  under  improper  impressions,  and  that  in  taking  that  which  you  seem  to  contem- 
plate, it  may  be  done,  at  a  suitable  time.     In  pursuing  any  object  which  you  may  have 
in  view,  I  beg  you  to  commaml  my  aervicea,  without  reserve.      Be  assured  it  will  give 
Bie  sincere  pleasure  to  be  useful  to  you. 

Always  recollecting  as  Mrs.  Monroe  and  I  do,  with  deep  interest,  our  meeting  with 
your  lady,  in  London,  and  the  very  friendly  intercourse  which  pa!ised  between  ua  and 
•ur  families,  at  a  time  the  roost  intercating  to  our  country  and  ourselves,  we  beg  you  to 
tflsure  her  of  our  conatant  aliection  and  regarda. 

Witli  great  respect  and  esteem,  believe  me,  ny  dear  air,  sincerely  yours,        "'. 
■Major-General  Dbabborw.  «  u,  .  JAMES  MONROE. 

After  Mr.  Monroe  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War,  he  wrote  him   again,  on  th« 
mbject  of  a  court  of  inquiry  and  other  aflairs,  to  which  ho  received  the  annexed  reply  ; 
Jfroiii  which  it  is  v»;ry  clearly  to  be  inferred  that  the  military  talents  of  Gea.  Uearboin 
ftre  held  in  the  highest  eatimation  by  that  virtuoua  and  inllexiblc  patriot.  ,    .^ 

Wathingtm^  July  21,  1815. 
Dear  ^ir — Accept  my  tlianka  for  your  kind  attention  in  several  letters,  which 
onld  have  been  attended  to  at  the  time  received,  had  not  the  important  event  of  peace, 
akin  my  attention  to  the  other  department,  on  which  a  pressure  haa  since  beeiwnade. 
This  event  in  relation  to  the  great  body  of  our  fellow  citizens  may  be  considered 
liglily  favorable.  The  honor  of  the  nation  is  preserved  in  the  treaty.  No  concession  is 
iiiide.  Our  land  and  naval  forces  have  acquired  glory,  and  the  nation  character  by 
Oie  contest.  The  period,  and  circumstances,  under  which  the  treaty  was  received  and 
ratified,  being  just  after  the  victory  at  New  Orleans,  made  the  result  highly  honorable. 

1  am  sittiatied  had  another  campaign  been  made,  that  we  should  have  shaken  if  not 
irerf  et  the  power  of  Great  Britain  on  this  continent.  Measures  were  taken  for  drawing 
iito  the  field,  in  aid«f  our  regular  troops,  20,000  men  from  New-York,  10,000  from 
ermoiit,  and  a  strong  force  from  Kentucky,  Ohio,  the  Western  parts  of  Virginia,  and 
cnnsylvania,  with  a  view  to  force  our  way  towards  Quebec,  by  suitable  routes.  In  this 
loveiiient  you  would  have  had  a  distinguished  place.  The  peace  has  robbed  you  and 
any  others  of  glory,  but  you  will  find  an  indemnity  for  it,  in  the  advantages  derived 
'om  it  by  your  country. 

I  requested  Gen.  £wift  to  coHsuIt  you  and  the  other  members  of  the  board  on  tht 


N 
9, 


}i^^  ', 


?w 


fixfcitt  nnd  mannrr  of  the  radoetion  (oa  pnarc  «i(«blUhmen(,  tlint  f  tnif^ht  atail  myvAt^t 
your  rcflt'uliotis  withuut  cooiproBiilUiig  aitlicr  af  yn.  1'h«  putaiion  i*  •trong  for  «tle»- 
»ivo  refturtfnn.  I  iiopn  it  niky  tMi  coufined  within  proptr  liiuiU.  ferbapi  jrgu  oiigbt  be 
(litpoicd  to  make  k  viait  ban.     i  ihould  be  huppy  ta  «ev  you. 

\Vtth  great  r<!spect  uid  esteem  I  uiu  lioccrcly  youn,   r    ,       JA8.  MONROE. 

Notirithitniiiling  tba  uncciuing  effort*  of  Gen.  Dearborn' to  obtain  a  hearing,  before 
«  eoivt  o('  ttiM^uiry,  that  juitioe  wm  not  doaa  him ;  but  if  any  donbtj  abould  itiU  eiiat  aa 
to  thn  tf^tinutiou  in  whk'li  Okn.  Dearborn  waa  held,  by  the  frctidcnt,  the  following  letter 
miut  entirely  reoiovt  than. 

Wuhingltm^  Mnreh  4,  IfllS. 

Drar  Sir— Being  deairow  ofohtainhig  for  the  Department  of  War,  lervice*  whieh 
1  thouzht  yoH  ooiild  render  with  peoiiiiar  advantare,  una  hoping  that  for  a  tituu  ut  Iciut 
you  might  consent  to  step  into  that  Department,  I  took  the  liborty,  without  a  previoua 
•rommunioation,  for  whicn  there  was  not  time,  lo  nominate  you  as  suocesfor  to  Mr.  Moii- 
Me,  who  was  ualled  back  to  the  Department  of  State.  1  had  not  a  doubt,  ttoia  all  the 
•alculatioBs  1  could  m;ike,  that  the  senate  would  readily  concur  in  my  view;,  and  if  a 
doubt  had  arisen,  it  would  have  been  banished  by  the  confidence  uf  tlie  best  inforiiad 
and  best  dispesed  with  whom  I  conferred,  that  the  nomlhution  wuuld  be  welcomed  when 
it  was  to  be  decided  on  ;  contrary  to  these  confident  expectations,  on  opposition  was  dis* 
closed,  in  an  extent,  wliich  determined  me  to  withdraw  the  nomiiiulion.  But  before  tlie 
message  arrived,  the  senate  very  unexpectedly  had  taken  up  tlic  subject  and  proceude4 
<o  a  decision.  They  promptly  however  relaxed  so  far  as  to  erase  the  proceedings  from 
their  journal,  and  in  that  node  to  give  effect  to  the  withdrivwul. 

I  have  thought  this  explanation  due,  botli  tu  uie  and  to  yourself.  I  sincerely  and 
deeply  regret  the  occasion  for  it.  But  to  whatever  blame  I  may  hove  subjected  myself, 
I  trost  yon  wiil  sec  in  the  course  taken  by  me,  a  proof  of  the  high  vuluu  1  phtce  on  your 
public,  and  ef  the  esteem  I  feel  for  your  personal  character. 

Permit  nie  to  add,  that  I  have  been  not  a  little  consoled  forthe  occurrence  to  whirh 
I  have  been  accessary,  by  the  diffusive  expressions  to  which  it  has  k4,of  sentiinenta  such 
M  your  best  friends  have  heard  with  most  pleasure. 

Accept  assurances  of  my  great  respect  and  sincere  regard. 
M^or  Oeneral  Dearborn.  JAMES  MADISON 


>. 


After  the  nonuRation,  a  number  of  the  Senators  waited  on  the  President,  and  he  thci 
gave  them  his  opinion  of  Gen.  Dearborn,  and  explained  to  them  the  whole  transaction, 
which  had  done  so  much  injury  to  a  faitliful,  acalous,  patriotic  and  deserving  officer 
They  were  astonifhed,  and  said  if  this  developement  had  prccecdtd  tlic  nouiiuation,  i< 
weuld  have  been  instantly  confirmed. 

It  is  to  that  eent'tr<a/ton,  which  the  President  alludes  in  the  last  clause  of  the  forc' 
going  letter,  and  a  burst  ef  indignation  which  assailed  his  ears  from  some  of  the  frieudi 
of  Gen.  Dearborn,  who  were  acquainted  with  the  facto,  and  opoidy  declared  their  seuti 
iBcnts,  as  to  the  wrongs  done  to  a  soldier,  who  had  grown  grey  in  Uie  service  of  his  couu 
try ;  to  a  hero  of  the  revolution,  who  wlien  injured  was  denied  the  rights  of  an  olficer 
and  coldly  neglected  for  ^'  time  and  Irulh'*''  tu  obliterate  a  stain  imposed  by  executiv( 
injustice.  ,  .. 

CONCLUDING  REMARKS. 

Thow  "  bert  pcraonal  fiieiuU"  mentinncd  In  tlia  letter  of  tlie  Pretident  of  the  »th  of  August,  were  of  th 
T<cariat  character ;  ttiej'  were  rnwle  to  bcllrve  it  wai  more  for  tUir  interat  to  ikHrm  the  reputMtioii  of  0«i 
Bearbom,  than  riniHratr  him  wlieii  ntpermtl.  Tbt7  were  luch  imilin);,  imootb-fiicnr  friradi,  ai  tur  a  prriu 
wrarUieiiuMkof  .iinctl^t}-,but  run  tliruwit  off,  whm  inch  an  act  of  Tihu-ihm  will  have  a  u-ndtney  to  Vttc 
their  own  lituatiwb  Thry  acml  Uirir  part  in  iuch  n  manner  at  to  ikrrivr  the  frt- sidtni,  aud  hoiied  lu  eiuite  th 
fuipieiom  of  Ck>n.  Dearboni ;  but  be  Ku«« ■  them  well,  and  the  rtatoiu  w  hieh  induced  thtm  tu  wrong  hiui. 

'Hie  ti4i.'  of  war  bad  been  cfaaagtd  by  the  enptute  of  York  and  Fort  George.  Hitlierto  the  anus  of  the  I 
States  had  been  dt.Kraccd,  and  accumulated  ditatten  marked  tlie  events  of  the  preceding  canipaign'.  An  uiiii 
rerruptcd  leriei  of  defeau  had  cast  a  eloom  over  the  nation,  which  was  at  kngih  diuipated  1^  the  iplradi 
avhiuveraents  of  the  anuy  under  tiie  direction  of  (>en.  Dearborib 

A  large  force  «w  cunceiitrating  on  the  borderi  of  hike  Champlaio.  The  effort*  of  Harriion  and  Perr 
prnagtd  gloi-iuui  reiulti  in  the  wt^t.  On  lAke  Ontario  Com.  Chauncey  had  lo  far  incrraitd  hii  Reet  ai  t 
i-ender  hiii  aaaaiddncy  curtuin ;  ami  the  arinv  of  the  Niagara  waa  roidy  tu  eu-ojx-rate  in  lueh  a  manner,  i 
would  tvnder  the  eutiqiiett  of  Kingiton,  the  whole  of  Upper  Csntda,  and  perhupi  MuitUutl  mI'Mi  ccrtuin.  I'li 
prospect  wa«  propiileus,  uuil  iueh  were  the  tuBtured  pluu  of  Gen.  ucarbora,  that  victory  vtuM  hmeperthc 
fit  l:h  hannrrs. 

If  Geu.  Dearborn  could  by  a  ny  memnt  be  removed  ttotn  eouimand,  and  the  Secretiry  of  War  repair  t»  tl 
Frontier— direct  the  opcratiuiu  ofv  cauipaigtii  wfaicb  hsKl  been  gktriously  opened,  and  bring  it  to  a  sphndi 
eonrhnion,  it  would  give  hira  such  rcputntioii  and  influeiicr,  at  would  have  ohtuinttl  for  hini  tin'  appuintniei 
of  Lt,  General  and  coiumander  in  eliief  of  the  army  of  the  United  Stntci,  and  thui  neurc  to  biin  the  pttsf '' 
I  tat  chair. 

The  views  of  the  S»eretary  of  M'ar  were  early  tlevclapcd,  of  which  Gen.  Dearborn  wai  apprised,  by 
real  friends  in  Wa^him^ton. 

Tit*  or  l/iTv  subattemt  on  the  frontiers  were  n^.'nfs  in  thi«  icheme  aCamhUi(m,  and  hints  wi^rc  cireal 
through  t?K>  niediuui  ot certain  pahen  in  diiferrnt  nctionj  of  the  Uiiicni,  uiifavoniljle  tu  Um*  military  charai 
ofGvn.  Dearbornjin  the  shape  of  "rrtz-fttMo^r  ii'Wifr* /coin  rr.fpciahle  njfifvr.t  of  t.'ieartn'/,'''   Thote  "  r«A 
table  ofitrevs"'  were  early  known  to  Um,  Dearhon),  but  such  was  Lii  winHdmce  in  thn  Pn-iith-nt  and  the  oi 
'■''■■i  i;cnei:kJly  tf 'hi;  aro»»,  »ho  tliij*  ftjiprirsiid  K't  tirfcuw and  trorth,  an:1  a  c:ni;ncujcu»s  of  hisd^vuti'^ik 


// 


tedMhoriaiM 
lunendar 

m,ifmrtm^  m 
atbnuhrti 
nous  of  a  Hie 
_  ThoNfH 
■ul  the  dh«M 
eauwd  tbuw  t 
fbn^iT.  rv 
OwrbamV^ 


V 


ail  tajfV^t 
ig  for  «&tc»- 
f  utt  uiKbl  be 

NROC 

wing,  brfort 

>UU  exUt  u 

Uowing  Ivttci 

4, 1B15. 

ervice*  which 
tiiuu  ut  letut 
tut  It  previou* 
to  Mr.  Mou- 
froin  all  the 
Iviewf ,  and  if  a 
best  informed 
•Icomt^d  wh^a 
etition  wa»  die 
But  before  tii* 
and  proceedeJ 
jceediiigs  from 

I  sincerely  Mid 
bjected  myself, 
1  place  eu  your 


^  iMl  inUrMs  af  Ut  Mitnury,  ll«l  1w  iBiiM  M  lk«  MUmImn  af  ihf  iaiHilii«  •! 

in  iIh  burtauM  ftif  hU  JrHntttwii. 

Iiiiirmla>^  wafrdrculMrd lu totniiif  ttwu  "MgH  amhtfiiu'  IImI  Ora,  Onfkarn M 
•«((<•»>  f  ^  trikrt,  aiMl  nu  iirMapm  IrtTwiwwil,  wMali  tnlipN  •««<  I*  Ml  4i| 
■,'^rrNrly  wMrrttni  kli  rrcall.    Tkr  itu-it  \M  ^n  m  UN  mmmmM. 

Sikiniiliil'  4  bv  ih«  MMMiiw  of  ■  Ca«*r,  thir  rubUgn  af  banar  «a«  |<mmL  imI  wkb  iha 


\mrMm  witiimtaM,iMi 


iMMr» 


rbuNfHiriiitt  uT  (W^  Dvarbum.  wba  «»n>  w  taUftowM  Ibr  bU  <ii»rni ,  ba<  ftikn  bu|»>  •  fV«m  (Mi  ttrmn. 
But ihr dkaMruu* aiWI  ilhiffai-fal  aiavrinunu uf  (br  ar'ny,  aatb*  am  aiiblanw    af  ibv  s  i rotary  af  War* 

••       ■  -       i|«l«ibi.(rtl»arW»»lMimumW»i*rdUwa 

rririil  iltrniffil  Armttrmg,  aiitl  T ' 


aauMl  ibuar  boon  in  «lib«T— and  lb<-  iriaai(pkal  uMry  of  ill*  IMtkb 
fbiv^ir.  Tte  di-«Nwi af  ib«  St.  I^awnv awl  lb*  ■MrMbuMb i 
BMuban^i  ■**M  ptmn^JHiniW  Ian  iMr  •n<JtV>M"rf  rtmmil,  br 


aaib^tin  I*  I''"**  I***  "IW** 


irrence  to  whi«h 
sentiineutB  sucf 


To  the  Eleetora  of  MaiaaehnnrtlB. 

TirB  official  docaroent*  addueed  in  JiiitlfSealloii  of  .Major  OenemllVitrfioni, 
Jevelope  (kcts  which  place  him,  in  tb«  nfilnion  at  every  person  who  opens  his  mind  Ut 
convietlon,  and  divcsU  himself  uf  prejudices,  on  the  m^it  exalted  ground.   We  are  nev« 
•rtlieiesA  persuaded,  that  there  are  a  few,  who  will  cIom  tb«i»  understanding  against 
the  Mdi^ssion  of  truth  ;  but  when  it  is  learnt  to  what  daeeription  of  character  such  ara 
classe«l,  we  shall  not  be  surprised.    It  will  not  be  ««ii*id«rM  unjust  to  say,  they  are 
•uch  as  bate  every  thini;  which  bears  the  safflhlanM  of  a  democratic  form  of  KOvcrn« 
asent :  and  are  more  pleased  with  the  glittering  emblenM  of  royalty,  and  the  tinselled 
toys  of  nobility,  than  a  plain  rapvbllcan  robe  i-Hbey  are  sneh,  who  would  persuaile 
you  no  nation  is  equal  to  Britain,  no  government  so  excellent  as  her  corrupt  adminis* 
tration,  supported  not  by  the  aStctions  of  her  subjects,  IhU  by  the  force  of  her  mcrco* 
nary  soldiery  ;— 'Ihey  are  such  as  would  e«)npel  you  to  believe,  thet  this  same  govern* 
ment,  the  sink  of  everv  species  of  vice  and  corruption,  Is  Iht  bulwark  of  eur  religion, 
and  protector  of  our  faith,  furgettiag  that  the  IjOM,  ootf  regenerator  and  saviour,  pro> 
tects  his  own  church,  against  which  the  powers  of  ijarknese  cannot  pmvnil  ;--thcy  are 
auch  as  would  convince  you  that  passive  obe«liene«  to  the  will  of  the  British  govern* 
Brent,  and  non-resisUnce  to  her  tyrannie  nK-asures,  are  christian  virtues  ;  that  wars  to 
oppose  her  aggreNions  are  unpardonable,  and  to  rejokt  «/  our  own  rieierwf  is  tmbe- 
toming  a  mural  people,  and  derogatory  to  the  christian  name ;  whi'e  to  chaunt  ie- 
4tum,t  and  sing  hozanntu  far  victories  obtained  by  nations,  who  would  aflTect  to  despise, 
were  it  not  for  thuir  interest  to  respect  us,  is  the  bighef  t  evidence  of  sanctity  ;— thry  aro 
such  as  have  so  perverted  their  aflMtions,  as  to  cherish  a  hope  to  return  under  the  yoke 
of  servitude,  as  did  the  Israelites  of  old,  when  they  turned  tneir  barks  on  *he  promised 
land,  longing  after  the  leeks  and  onions  of  their  tasl(«fflAsters  in  Rgypt ; — moreover, 
they  are  that  order  of  people,  who  have  conspired  to  subvert  their  own  goveminent ; 
fur  which  purpose  every  stratagem  to  delude  you  has  been  resorted  to,  from  the  low 
illumiiuUi  and  ivhplote,  to  the  Henrylt«— ^nd  most  dering  plot  of  all,  the  HART- 
FORD CONVENTION  plot.    The  above  eaumerated  characters  do  not  unite  in 
sentiment  with  republicans. 

From  among  a  host  of  worthy  men  wlio  have  high  e!.tlms  on  our  confidence,  tlic 
republicans  have  been  disposed  eventualiy  to  yi«ld  their  partialilirs,  and  concentrate 
their  strength  in  support  of  a  candidate  for  (Governor,  to  whom  there  might  appear  in 
the  public  mind  no  objection.  The  nomination  of  the  Hon.  .Mr.OnAV  was  unniiimous* 
ly  approved  by  the  republican  voice,  while  it  would  have  been  highly  gratifying  tt> 
have  given  him  their  undivided  suffrages.  When  Mr.  Uray  declined  being  conf>idered 
'dwnvutli4Mr<>^<^  «  candidate  for  the  first  magistracy  of  state,  the  attention  of  the  republicans  «ras  di- 
rrkwiiVBi  "^  ■  P^'4  rectedto  the  veteran  Hero,  Major  General  HENRY  DKAUBORN.  When  he  was 
"iJId/'^dtutfJte'S     •"* nominated,  only  one  objection  to  him  existed  j  this  was,  that  his  political  advcr-  • 

♦•      -    ^ ki...    I  saries  had  previously  taken  the  ground  ti>  vilify  bis  character,  by  minreprecentations, 

•nd  their  virulent  aspersions  had  not  been  seasonaldy  repelled  by  himself  nor  his  friend.«. 
On  his  own  part  we  now  And  he  felt  so  shielded  by  an  Internal  sense  of  rectitude,  he 
did  not  troulde  himself  to  notice  their  abuse,  and  e  luld  smile  at  the  puerile  eflbrt!<  of 
folly,  or  sileotly  spurn  at  more  Insidious  attempts  to  disgrace  him  :  herein  he  exhibi- 
ted not  only  a  great  and  independent  mind,  but  the  virtues  of  a  Christian,  returning 
civilities  for  revilin^o.  The  Cieiieral's  friends  on  their  part,  knowing  his  eemposure 
and  firmness,  under  reiterated  abuses,  were  len  solicitous  to  expose  the  follies  of  his 
public  defamers,  and  falsehoods  of  his  inveterate  enemies.  His  friends,  however,  knew 
that  this  delay  of  exposition  of  facts,  had  left  Impresaionson  the  puldic  mind,  unfavorable 
to  the  veteran's  reputatbn ;  to  remove  such  Impressions,  it  became  necessary  to  clearly 
state  existing  truths  respecting  him,  which  have  been  exhibited  in  the  Biographical 
Sketches.  Bince  this  exhibition,  the  only  objection  is  removed,  by  a  complete  refuta- 
tion of  every  calumny  which  has  been  circulated  by  the  party  opposed  to  him.  Gen- 
eral Dearborn,  like  gold  seven  times  tried  in  the  Are,  shines  with  increased  lustre.— 
The  aor«  deeply  his  character  is  NrutioiMd,  the  civrs  we  find  to  astonish  and  admiro- 


blADISON. 

ent,  and  he  thei 
hole  transaction, 
deserving  officer, 
he  nouiiuation,  i" 

clause  oftheforr 
me  of  the  frieudi 
clarod  their  seuti 
ervice  of  his  couU' 
^hta  of  an  otficer 
Qsed  by  exccutiv 


thtmtowrwigbiui. 
^nodnsanuioftbel 
E  canipaiel».   An  uiui 
Ipaied  by  the  'P*™^ 

of  HarriMm  and  P«^ 
ncrraMd  hU  fl't't  a»  ' 
ite  in  such  a  maniiw, ' 
iUt«l  »l*o  crrtiun.  1 H 
gry  wauW  hmepennc 

ary  of  War  repair  »J* 
.  briiiR  it  to  u  jpRiwi 
ror  liuii  tl»<'  appumtniji 
urc  to  biin  the  prtsum 

m  was  appiiwd,  Uy 

mdhinuwi^recirealaj 
Ui  Ow  military  charact 

,..  Pn  AUrt  and  the  « 


f/ 


IMi 


^t  ui  ]«ok  thrvugk  tbn  tuasi  «f  MauLind, where  (hall  we  seleot  another,  unJer  similaf .. 
(iiruuiiMilanceii,  pot»eising  the  amplest  documeiitB  of  leif-jugtiflcation,  who  wonid  havit 
patiently  lubmitted  to  three  yean  abuse,  and  remained  silent,  without  making  onk 
effort  to  close  the  lipsof  obloquv,  and  silence  the  voice  of  slander,  and  even  restraiiirsi 
his  friends  from  removing  the  delosion  with  which  the  public  mind  was  doiUened  f 
Hut  it  is  the  more  astonlHhing  to  behold  with  what  complacency  he  taw  his  own  hard- 
tamed  merits  \rrtnteA  from  him,  and  claimed  for  a  man  who  on  their  tlrenglh  has  bees 
el'vated  to  the  gubernatorial  chair.  Might  not  General  Dearborn  in  justice  have 
einiiried  these  meritorious  deeds,  and  like  the  celebrjited  p:iet,  under  similar  cirumstaii'* 
ces,  bereft  of  his  honors,  by  one  of  inferior  note,  have  iuscribed  oa  the  portico  of  thv 
cnpitoi,  iu  letters  never  to  be  eraiied,  .,*..---  — 

^feei 


.ii''?v. 


*.;  :i-' 


tulil  aller  lionoretJ'* 


j4 'V 


K  -■-,'■    it.:. 


Tor  tit"  information  of  such  who  may  nut  read  Latin,  wo  shall  give  the  foUowinj; 
liberal  U'auslatiiHi : — 

I  if  ' .      Of  laurels  rM^d,  to  adorn  the  brow  of  anulher.         ,i  ■ 

Public  honors  long  due,  or  nbsohitely  refused,  have  driven  ambitions  men  of  haf<fy 
]Sfl<<8ionj>,  to  neb  of  madnes:;,  or  rendered  them  caemios  to  their  country.  An  instance 
•f  this,  we  have  seen  in  Arnold,  who  commanded  that  wing  of  the  army,  which  fought 
the  two  important  battles  at  Saratoga ;  he  could  not  patiently  endure  that  Gen.  Gatea 
should  bear  off  the  laurels  of  victory,  and  be  crowned  with  all  the  honors  of  the  capture 
of  Burgoyne.  Arnold,  when  opportunity  offered,  tlirew  ♦rff  the  guise  of  a  patriot — by  on* 
infernal  stroke,  blotted  from  the  page  of  lii!>torv  all  his  valiant  achievements,  and  damned 
his  name ;  and  clothed  ia  the  detectable  garb  of  a  traitor,  would  have  de.stroyed  his 
country.  Such  frailty  belongs  to  men,  goterned  only  by  selfish  considerations ;  let  ur 
•void  them  as  enemies  to  our  liberties ;  tlie  more  conspicuous  their  talents,  the  more 
danger  to  be  apprehended.  Every  one  like  Arnold  in  disposition,  has  not  a  Wjsst- 
i*oi>T  to  surrender  by  an  act  of  treachery  to  your  enemy  ;  hut  there  are  other  means 
hy  which  your  government  may  be  subverted,  and  your  constilution  destroyed.  Insid"- 
iuus  treasons  are  equally  dangerous,  and  often  more  fatal  tliau  overt  acts.- 

General  Dearborn,  u»der  the  weight  of  iinmerited  censure,  regafded  less  his  owrt, 
than  his  country's  glory ;  at  every  point  of  danger,  and  in  many  responsible  ftatinuf, 
^ve  have  seen  him  ahvays  the  same ;  on  hazardous  enterprises  ready  to  attend  the  sinn*" 
mons  of  the  nation ;  as  ready  to  retire  from  posts  of  lienor  when  ordered,  holding  it  hi.^ 
lirst  doty  to  obey.  Subjected  to  false  imjiiitations  without  obtaining  an  opportunity  to 
publicly  vindicate  himself,  we  have  seen  him  unremitted  in  his  exertions  to  resist  foi^ 
eign  ofipression  and  invasion. 

The  official  documents,  had  they  been  ptihlished  ycafS  ago,  \*onld  have  removed  a 
mass  of  prejudice  which  iias  rested  ujKjn  Majoi'-G«neral  Henry  Dearborn.  Truth  is  a 
divine  attrihute,  under  its  banner  honor  and  integrity  are  j)rotected  ;  it  shields  one  from 
the  malignant  shafts  of  detraction ;  we  have  only  to  reeret,  for  the  public  good,  it  was 
not  displayed  at  an  earlier  day.  We  can  however,  c  rntnlate  o«r  republican  friends 
throughout  the  State,  that  the  tide  of  oppo.«ition  is  cl  vcd,  and  the  <;uiTent  of  opinion 
js  taking  it«  ancient  course,  in  support  of  the  liberties  and  independence  of  the  natioj?, 
Rs  well  as  those  palriols  wiio  have  always  advocated  the  righteous  cause  of  frfedom,  and 
of  whom  one  of  the  most  conspicuous,  is  HF'-NUY  DEAIIBORN,  who  will  be  unaui • 
luously  supported  attlie  ensuing  ekctiou,  as  Governor  of  this  State.  r     ■- 

MEN  OF  MASSVCTlLSKTrS,  '  ...    .- 

The  Siroc  '.viiids  of  party  have  almosf  blown  you  to  tleitmef  km ; 
yet  a  tedeemins^  spirit  still  jwrvadei  the  Commonwealth.  Letllic  voice  m 
llie  immortal  Warren  call  to  you,  "nty  sons  scorn  to  be  slaves". ...hvA  the 
liallowed  name  of  Wasiiinoton  remind  you  to  ^'frowii  indijfncuW'  «n  1h« 
enemies  of  your  1le|)ublic...Let  the  woi^s  of  the  veneraUle  (Ji:rry  be  re- 
incmbere(l...'//'t/oM  have  but  one  dajj  to  live,  let  that  day  be  devoted  to  yovr 
Count  ni.^  ' 

'With  theise  senliuienla,  cn>wd  to  the  Polls  on  the  first  Monday  of  April 
next,  and  give  your  united  sufTraKelo  Maj.  Gen  HENRY  DEARlKHiN 
for  Governor,  and  lb«i!  lion.  WILLIAM  KING,  for  Lieut.  Goveruor. 


iln' 


printed  at  the  OJfac  cf  the  Ydukec.  .A>.  78,  SliUc-drcet..,.Boidon, 


